Inbred Strains
of Mice: C58
Inbr: F166 +. Black. Genet:
a. Strain developed by MacDowell in
1921 from litter mates 58 and 52 of Miss Lathrop's stock (see also C57BL).
A mating of the same male but a different female gave rise to the C57
group of strains. Used largely as a high-leukaemia strain, the genetics
of which has been reviewed by Lilly and Pincus (
1973).
Behaviour
High avoidance conditionability (3/9) (
Royce, 1972).
Good T-maze learning (2/6) (
Stasik, 1970). High
alcohol preference (5/18) (
Rodgers, 1966).
Life-span and spontaneous disease
Life-span short (2/22), 373 days in males and 351 days in females in conventional
conditions (Storer, 1966). High incidence of
leukaemia (Heston, 1963). High gross tumour
incidence (2/22) (Storer, 1966). Leukaemia 97%
(Myers et al., 1970., 1970).
Normal physiology and biochemistry
Low serum ceruloplasmin levels in females (25/27), but intermediate in
males (Meier and MacPike, 1968). Low systolic
blood pressure (14/19) (Schlager and Weibust,
1967). Low sensitivity to thyrotropin (17/21) (Levy
et al., 1965., 1965). High serum haptoglobin level (3/11) (Peacock et al., 1967., 1967). Harderian gland has a low
porphyrin content (13/16) (Margolis, 1971).
Anatomy
Small brain/body weight (18/20). Small brain weight (
Roderick et al., 1973., 1973). Low number of granule cells
in right area dentata of brain (5/5) (
Wimer
and Wimer 1982). A significant number of acinar cells of the pancreas
are multinucleated (cf. AKR), in contrast to seven other strains (
Pollard,
1973). Accessory spleens in about 21% of mice. One or both kidneys
reduced or missing in 10-12% of individuals. Polyovular follicles common
(
Hummel et al., 1966., 1966).
Drugs
Susceptible to skin ulceration by DMBA (cf. 13/22) (
Thomas et al., 1973., 1973). Susceptible to induction of subcutaneous
tumours by 3-methylcholanthrene (5/14) (
Kouri
et al., 1973., 1973). Resistant to X-irradiation (6/27) (
Roderick,
1963). Resistant to hyperbaric oxygen (17/18) (
Hill
et al., 1968., 1968). High incidence of virus-like particles in chemically
induced sarcomas (1/6) but low susceptibility to 3,4-benzpyrene (5/6)
(
Liebelt et al., 1970., 1970). Susceptible
to toxic effects of isoniazid (8/10) (Taylor, 1976b). High ED50 to behavioural
effects of nicotine (18/19). Sensitive to seizures induced by nicotine
(17/19) (
Marks et al 1989)
Immunology
Discriminator between `H' and `L' sheep erythrocytes (cf. 12/18) (
McCarthy and Dutton, 1975). Develop immune polioencephalomyelitis,
a paralytic central nervous system syndrome characterised by mononuclear
cellular infiltration of the spinal cord and brain stem when aged mice
are immunised with formalin-inactivated line I
b malignant lymphocytes
(
Sager et al., 1973., 1973). Erythrocytes
have low agglutinability (cf. 11/25) (
Rubinstein
et al., 1974., 1974). High responder to dextran (cf. 4/10) (
Blomberg et al., 1972., 1972).
Infection
Resistant to
Mycoplasma fermentens (5/6) (
Gabridge et al., 1972., 1972). Resistant to
Plasmodium
berghei infection (7/8) (
Most et al., 1966.,
1966). Encephalomyocarditis virus causes diabetes mellitus (cf. 7/14)
(
Boucher et al., 1975., 1975). Develop
paralysis (age-dependent polyomyelitis) following infection with the lactate
dehydrogenase-elevating virus in common with other mouse strains (e.g.
AKR) which possess N-tropic ecotropic murine leukemia proviruses and are
homozygous
Fv1n (
Anderson et al, 1995).
Reproduction
Poor breeding performance (22/24) (
Hansen et
al., 1973., 1973).
Anderson
G. W., Palmer G. A., Rowland R. R. R., Even C., and Plagemann P. G. W.
(1995) Infection of central nervous system cells by ecotropic murine leukemia
virus in C58 and AKR mice and in in utero-infected CE/J mice predisposes
mice to paralytic infection by lactate dehydrogenase- elevating virus.
Journal of Virology 69, 308-319.
Blomberg
B., Geckeler W. R., and Weigert M. (1972) Genetics of the antibody response
to Dextran in mice. Science 177, 178-180.
Boucher
D. W., Hayashi K., Rosenthal J., and Notkins A. L. (1975) Virus-induced
diabetes mellitus. III. Influence of sex and strain of host. J. Infect.
Dis. 131, 462-466.
Gabridge
M. G., Abrams G. D., and Murphy W. H. (1972) Lethal toxicity of Mycoplasma
fermentens in mice. J. Infect. Dis. 125, 153-160.
Hansen
C. T., Judge F. J., and Whitney R. A. (1973) Catalog of NIH rodents.
National Institutes of Health. DHEW publication (NIH) 74-606, Bethesda.
Heston W. E. (1963)
Genetics of neoplasia, in Methodology in mammalian genetics (Burdette
W. J., ed), pp. 247-268. Holden-Day, San Francisco.
Hill G. B.,
Osterhout S., and O'Fallon W. M. (1968) Variation in response to hyperbaric
oxygen among inbred strains of mice. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med.
129, 687-689.
Hummel
K. P., Richardson F. L., and Fekete E. (1966) Anatomy, in Biology
of the Laboratory Mouse, 2nd. ed. (Green E. L., ed), pp. 247-307.
McGraw-Hill, New York.
Kouri R.
E., Salerno R. A., and Whitmire C. E. (1973) Relationships between arylhydrocarbon
hydroxylase inducibility and sensitivity to chemically induced subcutaneous
sarcomas in various strains of mice. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 50,
363-368.
Levy R. P.,
McGuire W. L., Shaw R. K., and Bartsch G. E. (1965) Effect of species
differences of mice on the bioassay of thyrotropin. Endocrinol.
76, 890-894.
Liebelt
R. A., Suzuki S., Liebelt A. G., and Lane M. (1970) Virus-like particles
in chemically induced sarcomas in high- and low-leukemia strains of mice.
Cancer Res. 30, 2438-2448.
Lilly F.
and Pincus T. (1973) Genetic control of murine viral leukemogenesis. Adv.
Cancer Res. 17, 231-277.
Margolis F. L.
(1971) Regulation of porphyrin biosynthesis in the Harderian gland of
inbred mouse strains. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 145, 373-381.
Marks M.
J., Stitzel J. A., and Collins A. C. (1989) Genetic influences on nicotine
responses. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 33, 667-678.
McCarthy
M. M. and Dutton R. W. (1975) The humoral response of mouse spleen cells
to two types of sheep erythrocytes. J. Immunol. 115, 1316-1321.
Meier H.
and MacPike A. D. (1968) Levels and heritability of serum ceruloplasmin
activity in inbred strains of mice. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med.
128, 1185-1190.
Most H., Nussenzweig
R. S., Vanderberg J., Herman R., and Yoeli M. (1966) Susceptibility of
genetically standardized (JAX) mouse strains to sporozoite and blood-induced
Plasmodium berghei infections. Mil. Med. 131, 915-918.
Myers D.
D., Meier H., and Huebner R. J. (1970) Prevalence of murine C-type RNA
virus group specific antigen in inbred strains of mice. Life Sci.
9, 1071-1080.
Peacock
A. C., Gelderman A. H., Ragland R. H., and Hoffman H. A. (1967) Haptoglobin
levels in serum of various strains of mice. Science 158,
1703-1704.
Pollard M. (1973)
Multinucleated acinar cells in the pancreases of AKR and C58 mice. Experientia
29, 596-597.
Roderick
T. H., Wimer R. E., Wimer C. C., and Schwartzkroin P. A. (1973) Genetic
and phenotypic variation in weight of brain and spinal cord between inbred
strains of mice. Brain Res. 64, 345-353.
Roderick T. H.
(1963) The response of twenty-seven inbred strains of mice to daily doses
of whole-body X-irradiation. Radiation Res. 20, 631-639.
Rodgers D. A. (1966)
Factors underlying differences in alcohol preference among inbred strains
of mice. Psychosomat. Med. 28, 498-513.
Royce J. R. (1972) Avoidance
conditioning in nine strains of inbred mice using optimal stimulus parameters.
Behav. Genet. 2, 107-110.
Rubinstein
P., Liu N., Strenn E. W., and Decary F. (1974) Electrophoretic mobility
and agglutinability of red blood cells: a `new' polymorphism in mice.
J. Exp. Med. 139, 313-322.
Sager M.
A., Lawton J. W. M., and Murphy W. H. (1973) Serum transmissibility of
immune polioencephalomyelitis in C58 mice. J. Immunol. 110,
219-226.
Schlager
G. and Dickie M. M. (1967) Spontaneous mutations and mutation rates in
the house mouse. Genetics 57, 319-330.
Stasik J. H. (1970)
Inheritance of T-maze learning in mice. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol.
71, 251-257.
Storer J. B. (1966)
Longevity and gross pathology at death in 22 inbred strains of mice. J.
Gerontol. 21, 404-409.
Thomas
P. E., Hutton J. J., and Taylor B. A. (1973) Genetic relationship between
aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase inducibility and chemical carcinogen induced
skin ulceration in mice. Genetics 74, 655-659.
Wimer R.
E. and Wimer C. C. (1982) A geneticists map of the mouse brain, in Genetics
of the brain (Lieblich I., ed), pp. 395-420. Elsevier, Oxford.
INBRED STRAINS OF MICE
Updated 9 Apr. 1998
Michael FW
Festing
MRC Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building,
University of Leicester,
UK
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