behavior/neurological
• reduced sensitivity to ethanol on loss of righting reflex and hypothermia
• no such alterations in sensitivity to flunitrazepam or pentobarbital
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• attenuated response during the second, prolonged phase of nociceptive pain after formalin-injection into paw
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• failed to develop neuropathic pain (induced by thermal or mechanical means) after partial sciatic nerve section
• reduced neurochemical changes in the spinal cord after nerve injury
• normal response to acute pain (thermal or mechanical) stimuli in the absence of nerve injury
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immune system
• reduced plasma extravasation in response to intradermal capsaicin injection in the paw
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