mortality/aging
• mutants are born alive but die shortly after birth
|
homeostasis/metabolism
• defect is fatal leading to rapid dehydration and neonatal death
|
cellular
• proliferation in epidermis is reduced with mitotic cells reduced to 50% of total; BrdU-labeled cells in epidermis are reduced by 54%, with labeled cells residing in the basal layer
|
integument
• defect is fatal leading to rapid dehydration and neonatal death
|
• epidermis consists of 4 or less layers with nucleated cells frequently found in the uppermost cell layer at E18.5
|
• cornified layer is not well defined at E18.5
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• granular layer is not well defined at E18.5
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• thinner than in heterozygotes
|
reddish skin
(
J:119075
)
• mutant skin is erythemic at E18.5
|
• at E18.5, mutant skin appears moist compared to heterozygous littermates
|