Analysis Tools
mortality/aging
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• all but one mice die within 1 day of birth
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skeleton
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• apoptosis of skeletal cells is increased 280+/-70% compared to in wild-type mice
• the number of bone lining cells is decreased compared to in wild-type mice and the majority of connective tissue cells are dispersed between individual bone trabeculae
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• mice exhibit poor development of the frontal bones
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• the parietal bone near the sagittal suture is abnormal and contains azurophilic patches
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• mice exhibit poor development of the parietal bones
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• the pterygoid bone is underdeveloped
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• mice exhibit a thinning of the cranial vault proportional to the loss of wild-type alleles
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• trabeculae of the mandible are aberrant and thin compared to in wild-type mice
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• mice exhibit poor development of the nasal bones
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• mice exhibit pitting and lack of fusion to the maxilla
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• mice exhibit hypoplasia of the vomer
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• mice exhibit a domed skull that is more severe than in Mmp14tm1Hbh homozygotes
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• severity is proportional to the number of wild-type alleles lost
• at E18.5, humerus cortical length is 51+/-4.75% of wild-type
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short femur
(
J:130212
)
|
• severity is proportional to the number of wild-type alleles lost
• at E18.5, femur length is 65+/-2.5% of wild-type
• however, length at day 30 is normal
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• cortical bone formation is abnormal and the humeri and femora exhibit shortening of the bone cortices proportional to the number of wild-type alleles lost
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• mice exhibit a lack of trabeculae in the marrow cavity
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• Meckel's cartilage is conspicuous in size
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• the proliferating zone contains fewer cells than in wild-type mice
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• the hypertrophic chondrocyte zone is elongated compared to in wild-type mice
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• the number of proliferating chondrocytes in the distal femoral epiphysis decreases proportionally to the number of wild-type alleles lost to 25.7+/-4.8% of wild-type
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• unlike in wild-type mice primary ossification centers are occupied by un-degraded hypertrophic cartilage
• mice exhibit diminished bone formation
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growth/size/body
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• mice exhibit poor development of the nasal bones
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• fusion is absent
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• palatial shelf growth is reduced
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• mice exhibit a shorter mid-face than in Mmp14tm1Hbh homozygotes
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• 80% of mice exhibit cleft palates
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short snout
(
J:130212
)
|
• mice are born small, moribund and fail to eat
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limbs/digits/tail
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• severity is proportional to the number of wild-type alleles lost
• at E18.5, humerus cortical length is 51+/-4.75% of wild-type
|
short femur
(
J:130212
)
|
• severity is proportional to the number of wild-type alleles lost
• at E18.5, femur length is 65+/-2.5% of wild-type
• however, length at day 30 is normal
|
short limbs
(
J:130212
)
craniofacial
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• Meckel's cartilage is conspicuous in size
|
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• mice exhibit poor development of the frontal bones
|
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• the parietal bone near the sagittal suture is abnormal and contains azurophilic patches
|
|
• mice exhibit poor development of the parietal bones
|
|
• the pterygoid bone is underdeveloped
|
|
• mice exhibit a thinning of the cranial vault proportional to the loss of wild-type alleles
|
|
• trabeculae of the mandible are aberrant and thin compared to in wild-type mice
|
|
• mice exhibit poor development of the nasal bones
|
|
• mice exhibit pitting and lack of fusion to the maxilla
|
|
• mice exhibit hypoplasia of the vomer
|
|
• mice exhibit a domed skull that is more severe than in Mmp14tm1Hbh homozygotes
|
|
• fusion is absent
|
|
• palatial shelf growth is reduced
|
|
• mice exhibit a shorter mid-face than in Mmp14tm1Hbh homozygotes
|
|
• 80% of mice exhibit cleft palates
|
short snout
(
J:130212
)
digestive/alimentary system
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• fusion is absent
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• palatial shelf growth is reduced
|
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• 80% of mice exhibit cleft palates
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respiratory system
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• mice exhibit poor development of the nasal bones
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