growth/size/body
muscle
• cross sectional area of gastrocnemius is reduced
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• gastrocnemius muscle (fast twitch) weight reduced 24.4%
• soleus muscle (slow twitch) similar in weight to controls
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• type IIb fibers (fast twitch) in gastrocnemius are increased in number but substantially reduced in size
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• type I fibers with a greater cross-sectional area
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• 56.2% increase in type IIa fibers in gastrocnemius (oxidative fibers)
• type IIb fibers (fast twitch) in gastrocnemius are increased in number but substantially reduced in size
• soleus muscle with a 68.1% increase in the number of type I fibers
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• less degenerated tissue after unilateral cardiotoxin injection into the tibialis anterior
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• diaphragm muscle shows an increased resistance to fatigue
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• improved regeneration after unilateral cardiotoxin injection into the tibialis anterior
• regeneration as early as 4 days after experimental treatment
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• diaphragm muscle develops greater tension than controls after tetanic stimulation
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homeostasis/metabolism
• display extended endurance when forced to run to exhaustion on a treadmill
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limbs/digits/tail
• cross sectional area of gastrocnemius is reduced
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• gastrocnemius muscle (fast twitch) weight reduced 24.4%
• soleus muscle (slow twitch) similar in weight to controls
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