Analysis Tools
mortality/aging
|
• premature death beginning at ~6 months of age in mice with the highest levels of albuminuria (>1000 ug/ml)
• however, nonproteinuric mice survive to >1 year of age without overt health problems
|
renal/urinary system
| N |
• at P5, all mice exhibit normal comma and S-shaped nephric figures as well as normal capillary loop stage and maturing stage glomeruli relative to wild-type controls
• no changes in peritubular microvessels or larger arterioles and veins are observed
|
|
• dilated glomerular capillary lumen noted in mice with severe albuminuria as early as 4 weeks of age
|
|
• mesangial hypercellularity noted in mice with severe albuminuria at 4 weeks of age
|
albuminuria
(
J:162099
)
|
• at 4 weeks of age, mice exhibit varying levels of albuminuria ranging from no detectable albumin to >1000 ug/ml in severe cases
• 54% of mice (males and females) are nonproteinuric with albumin levels ranging from 2.9 to 29.7 ug/ml, similar to those in wild-type controls
|
|
• dilated medullary collecting ducts noted in nonproteinuric mice at 4 weeks of age
|
|
• podocyte foot process broadening noted in all nonproteinuric mice at 4 weeks of age
|
|
• significant decrease in podocyte number noted in both proteinuric and nonproteinuric mice at 4 weeks of age, as shown WT1 staining
|
|
• incompletely fused or fragmented GBM noted on the subendothelial side of the capillary loop in nonproteinuric mice at 4 weeks of age
|
|
• abnormal GBM thickenings with numerous subepithelial "humps" and subendothelial matrix projections noted in nonproteinuric mice at 4 weeks of age
• at 16 weeks of age, overall GBM thickness in nonproteinuric mice increases to ~100 nm more than in wild-type controls
• ectopic deposition of collagen alpha1alpha2alpha1(IV) noted in GBM humps beneath podocytes
|
|
• mesangial matrix expansion noted in mice with severe albuminuria at 4 weeks of age
• slightly increased mesangial matrix noted in nonproteinuric mice at 4 weeks of age
|
|
• glomerular crescents noted in mice with severe albuminuria at 4 weeks of age
|
|
• severely fibrotic glomeruli noted in mice with massive albuminuria at 25 weeks of age
|
|
• noted in mice with severe albuminuria at 25 weeks of age
|
|
• dilated tubules containing proteinaceous casts and cellular debris noted in mice with severe albuminuria at 25 weeks of age
• occasional dilated tubules in nonproteinuric mice at 4 weeks of age
|
renal cast
(
J:162099
)
|
• proteinaceous casts detected in dilated tubules of mice with severe albuminuria at 25 weeks of age
• proteinaceous casts also noted in dilated medullary collecting ducts of nonproteinuric mice at 4 weeks of age
|
|
• end-stage renal failure observed in mice with the highest levels of albuminuria
|
homeostasis/metabolism
|
• at 33-41-weeks of age, increased BUN levels are noted in association with only the highest levels of albuminuria (>1000 ug/ml)
• severely nephrotic mice show a 6-fold increase in BUN levels relative to mice with lower levels of albuminuria
|
albuminuria
(
J:162099
)
|
• at 4 weeks of age, mice exhibit varying levels of albuminuria ranging from no detectable albumin to >1000 ug/ml in severe cases
• 54% of mice (males and females) are nonproteinuric with albumin levels ranging from 2.9 to 29.7 ug/ml, similar to those in wild-type controls
|
growth/size/body
cardiovascular system
|
• dilated glomerular capillary lumen noted in mice with severe albuminuria as early as 4 weeks of age
|
cellular
|
• mesangial hypercellularity noted in mice with severe albuminuria at 4 weeks of age
|
