mortality/aging
• complete lethality is observed after E15.5
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growth/size/body
• at E15.5, mutants are runted
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cardiovascular system
• at E12.5, the peritruncal area and ventricular septum lack angiogenic sprouts or coronary plexuses that are observed in controls
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• by E14.5, mutants have only a few immature myocardial coronary arteries
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• dilated subepicardial veins at E14.5
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• at E15.5, mutants have necrotic or ruptured septa
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• at E15.5, mutants display cardiac hemorrhages
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muscle