immune system
• rMA15-SARS-CoV-infected mice show increased recruitment of neutrophils in the lungs at 4 dpi, however by 6 dpi, this is no longer different
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• mice show more plasmacytoid dendritic cells in the lungs at 6 dpi, but not 4 dpi, with rMA15-SARS-CoV
• however, no differences from wild-type are seen in populations of eosinophils, monocyte-derived dendritic cells or in CD11b+ dendritic cell populations, or lymphocytes after rMA15-SARS-CoV infection
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• mice show fewer CD8+ T cells in the lungs at 6 dpi, but not 4 dpi, with rMA15-SARS-CoV
• however, no differences in the number of CD4+ T cells are seen
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• mice show more alveolar macrophages in the lungs at 6 dpi, but not 4 dpi, with rMA15-SARS-CoV
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• mice show more Ly6C high inflammatory monocytes following rMA15-SARS-CoV infection at 4 dpi but not on 6 dpi
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• mice show similar numbers of Ly6C low monocytes as wild-type mice following rMA15-SARS-CoV infection at 4 dpi but lower numbers at 6 dpi
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• levels of chemokines that are chemotactic for neutrophil recruitment (CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3) are lower on 2 dpi with rMA15-SARS-CoV but are higher on 4 dpi
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• rMA15-SARS-CoV-infected mice show increased IFN-beta levels in lung homogenates on 2 and 4 dpi
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• mice infected intranasally with the mouse-adapted rMA15-SARS-CoV
• mice show greater susceptibility to SARS-CoV infection than Tlr3tm1Flv homozygotes
• rMA15-SARS-CoV-infected mice show more viral antigen in the lungs; more viral antigen is seen in the parenchyma of the lungs but not in the large airways when compared to wild-type mice
• in the large airways, infected cells in the large airways are ciliated airway epithelial cells and are type II pneumocytes in the alveolar spaces
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• rMA15-SARS-CoV-infection leads to lethality
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mortality/aging
• rMA15-SARS-CoV-infection leads to lethality
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homeostasis/metabolism
• levels of chemokines that are chemotactic for neutrophil recruitment (CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3) are lower on 2 dpi with rMA15-SARS-CoV but are higher on 4 dpi
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• following induction of necrotizing enterocolitis, mice exhibit preservation of the small intestinal mucosa compared with wild-type mice
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respiratory system
• rMA15-SARS-CoV-infected mice show severe hemorrhage in the lungs at day 6 post-infection
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• rMA15-SARS-CoV-infected mice show higher levels of enhanced and infection-associated airway obstruction
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• rMA15-SARS-CoV-infected mice show higher levels of enhanced pause indicating airway hyperresponsiveness
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• rMA15-SARS-CoV-infected mice show higher midtidal expiratory flow
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cardiovascular system
• rMA15-SARS-CoV-infected mice show severe hemorrhage in the lungs at day 6 post-infection
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hematopoietic system
• rMA15-SARS-CoV-infected mice show increased recruitment of neutrophils in the lungs at 4 dpi, however by 6 dpi, this is no longer different
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• mice show more plasmacytoid dendritic cells in the lungs at 6 dpi, but not 4 dpi, with rMA15-SARS-CoV
• however, no differences from wild-type are seen in populations of eosinophils, monocyte-derived dendritic cells or in CD11b+ dendritic cell populations, or lymphocytes after rMA15-SARS-CoV infection
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• mice show fewer CD8+ T cells in the lungs at 6 dpi, but not 4 dpi, with rMA15-SARS-CoV
• however, no differences in the number of CD4+ T cells are seen
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• mice show more alveolar macrophages in the lungs at 6 dpi, but not 4 dpi, with rMA15-SARS-CoV
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• mice show more Ly6C high inflammatory monocytes following rMA15-SARS-CoV infection at 4 dpi but not on 6 dpi
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• mice show similar numbers of Ly6C low monocytes as wild-type mice following rMA15-SARS-CoV infection at 4 dpi but lower numbers at 6 dpi
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