growth/size/body
• mice weigh about 50% less than wild-type littermates by weaning
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homeostasis/metabolism
• by 5 weeks of age, serum T4 levels are decreased
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• by 5 weeks of age, serum TSH levels are about 500-fold greater than in wild-type mice
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neoplasm
• mice develop infiltrative papillary thyroid cancer with complete penetrance by 5 weeks of age
• tumors encompass the entire thyroid gland and have features of aggressive human papillary thyroid cancer with papillae lined by tall cells, with increased number of mitoses, nuclear clearing, and pseudonuclear inclusions
• administration of levothyroxine (L-T4) soon after birth for 3 weeks does not prevent the onset or alter the characteristics of papillary thyroid tumors
• administration of L-T4 for 3 weeks beginning at 5 weeks of age when all mice have tumors does not decrease the mitotic rate or alter the severity of the tumors
• mice treated with the MEK1/2 inhibitor PD325901 for 3 weeks beginning at 3 weeks of age exhibit a decrease in thyroid tumor volume and a modest reduction in proliferative index of tumors
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• tumor cells frequently invade perithyroidal tissues
• 66% of tumors invade into surrounding skeletal muscle by 5 weeks and vascular invasion is common
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endocrine/exocrine glands
• mice develop infiltrative papillary thyroid cancer with complete penetrance by 5 weeks of age
• tumors encompass the entire thyroid gland and have features of aggressive human papillary thyroid cancer with papillae lined by tall cells, with increased number of mitoses, nuclear clearing, and pseudonuclear inclusions
• administration of levothyroxine (L-T4) soon after birth for 3 weeks does not prevent the onset or alter the characteristics of papillary thyroid tumors
• administration of L-T4 for 3 weeks beginning at 5 weeks of age when all mice have tumors does not decrease the mitotic rate or alter the severity of the tumors
• mice treated with the MEK1/2 inhibitor PD325901 for 3 weeks beginning at 3 weeks of age exhibit a decrease in thyroid tumor volume and a modest reduction in proliferative index of tumors
|
• tumor cells frequently invade perithyroidal tissues
• 66% of tumors invade into surrounding skeletal muscle by 5 weeks and vascular invasion is common
|
• mice are euthyroid at P3, however by 5 weeks of age, mice are hypothyroid
|
Mouse Models of Human Disease |
DO ID | OMIM ID(s) | Ref(s) | |
papillary thyroid carcinoma | DOID:3969 |
OMIM:188550 |
J:168249 |