| Affected Systems |
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adipose tissue
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√
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√
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√
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increased fat cell size
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√
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√
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decreased epididymal fat pad weight
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√
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decreased gonadal fat pad weight
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√
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√
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increased adipocyte glucose uptake
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√
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√
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behavior/neurological
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√
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abnormal motor capabilities/coordination/movement
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√
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paralysis
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√
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cellular
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√
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√
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√
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√
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√
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√
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√
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√
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√
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increased adipocyte glucose uptake
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√
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√
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oligozoospermia
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√
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√
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abnormal muscle fiber mitochondrial morphology
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√
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√
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enhanced osteoblast differentiation
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√
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impaired osteoblast differentiation
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√
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abnormal osteoclast differentiation
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√
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√
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increased cell migration
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√
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decreased osteoblast proliferation
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√
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increased osteoblast proliferation
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√
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increased pancreatic beta cell proliferation
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√
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√
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increased muscle cell glucose uptake
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√
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√
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craniofacial
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√
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√
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thick neurocranium
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√
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absent lower incisors
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√
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endocrine/exocrine glands
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N
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√
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√
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√
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√
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√
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√
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endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
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N
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increased pancreatic beta cell proliferation
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√
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√
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abnormal pancreatic islet morphology
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√
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√
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increased pancreatic beta cell mass
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√
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√
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increased pancreatic islet number
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√
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√
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pancreatic islet hyperplasia
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√
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√
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decreased seminal vesicle weight
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√
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√
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increased seminal vesicle weight
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√
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small testis
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√
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√
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decreased testis weight
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√
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√
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|
abnormal insulin secretion
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√
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|
increased insulin secretion
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√
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√
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√
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|
growth/size/body
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N
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√
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√
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√
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N
|
N
|
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|
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
|
growth/size/body region phenotype
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N
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N
|
N
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|
absent lower incisors
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√
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|
decreased body mass index
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√
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|
decreased susceptibility to diet-induced obesity
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√
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|
decreased body size
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
decreased body weight
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
decreased body height
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
thin body
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
postnatal growth retardation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
hematopoietic system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
abnormal osteoclast differentiation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
decreased osteoclast cell number
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
increased osteoclast cell number
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
abnormal osteoclast physiology
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
homeostasis/metabolism
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
√
|
N
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N
|
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N
|
|
|
|
√
|
N
|
√
|
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
√
|
|
homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N
|
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
N
|
N
|
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
decreased circulating testosterone level
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
increased circulating testosterone level
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
abnormal circulating osteocalcin level
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
increased circulating osteocalcin level
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
decreased circulating free fatty acids level
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
decreased circulating triglyceride level
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
increased energy expenditure
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
decreased susceptibility to diet-induced obesity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
increased carbon dioxide production
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
increased oxygen consumption
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
abnormal glucose homeostasis
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
abnormal insulin secretion
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
increased insulin secretion
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
decreased circulating glucose level
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
hypoglycemia
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
increased circulating insulin level
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
impaired gluconeogenesis
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
improved glucose tolerance
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
abnormal glycogen homeostasis
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
increased insulin sensitivity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
increased circulating adiponectin level
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
immune system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
abnormal osteoclast differentiation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
decreased osteoclast cell number
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
increased osteoclast cell number
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
abnormal osteoclast physiology
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
limbs/digits/tail
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
decreased diameter of femur
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
decreased femoral compact bone area
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
kinked tail
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
mortality/aging
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
mortality/aging
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
lethality at weaning, complete penetrance
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
premature death
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
neonatal lethality, complete penetrance
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
postnatal lethality, incomplete penetrance
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
muscle
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
abnormal muscle fiber mitochondrial morphology
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
increased muscle cell glucose uptake
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
neoplasm
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
increased tumor growth/size
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
increased skeletal tumor incidence
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
increased osteosarcoma incidence
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
increased osteoma incidence
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
decreased tumor latency
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
reproductive system
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
√
|
|
√
|
|
|
N
|
|
reproductive system phenotype
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N
|
|
oligozoospermia
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
decreased seminal vesicle weight
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
increased seminal vesicle weight
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
small testis
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
decreased testis weight
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
increased sperm number
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
decreased epididymis weight
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
increased epididymis weight
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
skeleton
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
√
|
|
N
|
√
|
√
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
√
|
|
√
|
N
|
√
|
√
|
|
√
|
|
√
|
N
|
√
|
√
|
N
|
√
|
√
|
N
|
√
|
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
|
√
|
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
skeleton phenotype
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
N
|
|
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
|
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N
|
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N
|
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
abnormal skeleton morphology
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
thick neurocranium
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
absent lower incisors
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
decreased diameter of femur
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
increased skeletal tumor incidence
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
increased osteosarcoma incidence
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
increased osteoma incidence
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
abnormal bone structure
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
decreased osteoclast cell number
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
increased osteoclast cell number
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
decreased femoral compact bone area
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
abnormal bone marrow cavity morphology
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
decreased bone mineral content
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
increased bone mineral density
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
increased compact bone volume
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
increased compact bone thickness
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√
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decreased osteoblast cell number
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√
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increased osteoblast cell number
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√
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√
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√
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abnormal trabecular bone morphology
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√
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√
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√
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√
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decreased trabecular bone volume
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√
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increased trabecular bone volume
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√
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√
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decreased bone trabecula number
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√
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increased bone trabecula number
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√
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decreased bone trabecular spacing
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√
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increased bone trabecular spacing
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√
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decreased trabecular bone connectivity density
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√
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decreased trabecular bone thickness
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√
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√
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increased trabecular bone thickness
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√
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decreased bone mass
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√
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√
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increased bone mass
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√
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√
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√
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√
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√
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√
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√
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osteosclerosis
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√
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abnormal skeleton development
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√
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√
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√
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√
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enhanced osteoblast differentiation
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√
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impaired osteoblast differentiation
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√
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abnormal osteoclast differentiation
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√
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√
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abnormal skeleton physiology
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√
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abnormal bone ossification
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√
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abnormal bone mineralization
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√
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decreased bone ossification
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√
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abnormal bone remodeling
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√
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decreased osteoblast proliferation
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√
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increased osteoblast proliferation
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√
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abnormal osteoclast physiology
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√
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decreased bone resorption
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√
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increased bone resorption
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√
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vision/eye
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N
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vision/eye phenotype
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N
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normal phenotype
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√
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no abnormal phenotype detected
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√
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Analysis Tools
