behavior/neurological
• mutants appear normal until 12-15 days after birth when they develop an ataxic gait
(J:14140)
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• by 25 days of age, exhibit rapid alternating patting motions of all four limbs
(J:14140)
• during locomotion, exhibit alternating stereotypic jerky flexions of the limbs, most pronounced in the hind limbs
(J:14140)
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reproductive system
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• many sperm exhibit a reduplication of the flagellar structure and/or juxtaposition of distal portions of flagella to the head
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• sperm appear to move abnormally, with increased lateral head amplitude and decreased forward progression
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• although females produce litters, they are subfertile
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• males are capable of mating with females, despite the motor disorder, however fertility is severely reduced
(J:10295)
(J:14140)
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• spermatozoa show a marked reduction in the fertilization rate during in vitro fertilization
• sperm are unable to penetrate the zona pellucida, however if a hole in the zona pellucida is made to allow the sperm access to the oocyte, sperm are capable of fertilizing the oocyte
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• sperm are unable to penetrate the zona pellucida
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nervous system
N |
• exhibit no abnormalities in the brain, spinal cord, sciatic nerves, and dorsal root ganglia
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cellular
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• many sperm exhibit a reduplication of the flagellar structure and/or juxtaposition of distal portions of flagella to the head
|
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• sperm appear to move abnormally, with increased lateral head amplitude and decreased forward progression
|