Phenotypes associated with this allele

• Allele Symbol: Hr^rh
• Allele Name: rhino
• Allele ID: MGI:1856059
• Summary: 4 genotypes

Jump to	Allelic Composition	Genetic Background	Genotype ID
hm1	Hr^rh/Hr^rh	involves: FVB/N	MGI:7618763
hm2	Hr^rh/Hr^rh	Not Specified	MGI:3811826
hm3	Hr^rh/Hr^rh	RHJ/LeJ	MGI:3815544
ht4	Hr^rh-7J/Hr^rh	involves: C57BL/6J * HRS/J	MGI:4943567

Genotype
MGI:7618763

hm1

• Allelic Composition: Hr^rh/Hr^rh
• Genetic Background: involves: FVB/N

• ♀: phenotype observed in females
• ♂: phenotype observed in males
• N: normal phenotype

integument

progressive hair loss ( J:192868 )

• hair loss begins at 18 days of age and all hair is lost

wrinkled skin ( J:192868 )

thick skin ( J:192868 )

growth/size/body

increased body weight ( J:192868 )

• slight increase in body weight when assessed at 10 weeks of age, likely due to increased skin thickness

adipose tissue

decreased white adipose tissue amount ( J:192868 )

• although there is no decrease in brown fat, subcutaneous white adipose tissue is markedly decreased relative to controls

Genotype
MGI:3811826

hm2

• Allelic Composition: Hr^rh/Hr^rh
• Genetic Background: Not Specified

craniofacial

abnormal forehead morphology ( J:13057 )

• longitudinal ridges on forehead

endocrine/exocrine glands

abnormal sebaceous gland morphology ( J:16021 )

abnormal Meibomian gland morphology ( J:16021 )

• SEM shows marked plugging of the gland orifice with keratinized cells or debris

Meibomian gland cyst ( J:16021 )

• by one year of age Meibomian glands are distorted by large dermal cysts

abnormal Meibomian gland acinus morphology ( J:16021 )

• marked loss or atrophy of the acinar component of the gland seen at 3 and 6 months of age

Meibomian gland atrophy ( J:16021 )

• seen at 1 year of age due hyperkeratinization of the gland's central duct

abnormal lactation ( J:13057 )

♀ • milk supply is insufficient to raise young but pups will thrive on foster-mother

growth/size/body

abnormal forehead morphology ( J:13057 )

• longitudinal ridges on forehead

Meibomian gland cyst ( J:16021 )

• by one year of age Meibomian glands are distorted by large dermal cysts

epidermal cyst ( J:13008 , J:14940 )

• large doses of Vitamin A prevents enlargement of cysts (J:13008)

• cysts are in such large numbers the skin area is greatly increased and consequently wrinkled (J:14940)

• cysts are larger than in homozygous Hr^hr mice (J:14940)

vision/eye

eye inflammation ( J:16021 )

• the ocular surface is covered with whitish exudate and increased numbers of preexfoliative corneal epithelial cells

abnormal eyelid morphology ( J:16021 )

• at 6 months of age, affected eyelids appear thickened or swollen

abnormal Meibomian gland morphology ( J:16021 )

• SEM shows marked plugging of the gland orifice with keratinized cells or debris

Meibomian gland cyst ( J:16021 )

• by one year of age Meibomian glands are distorted by large dermal cysts

abnormal Meibomian gland acinus morphology ( J:16021 )

• marked loss or atrophy of the acinar component of the gland seen at 3 and 6 months of age

Meibomian gland atrophy ( J:16021 )

• seen at 1 year of age due hyperkeratinization of the gland's central duct

loss of eyelid cilia ( J:16021 )

• at 6 months of age, eyelid cilia are absent

abnormal eyelid margin morphology ( J:16021 )

• the lid margin is not uniform or smooth but instead appears nodular with multiple swellings

thick eyelids ( J:16021 )

• at 6 months of age

immune system

eye inflammation ( J:16021 )

• the ocular surface is covered with whitish exudate and increased numbers of preexfoliative corneal epithelial cells

integument

abnormal sebaceous gland morphology ( J:16021 )

abnormal Meibomian gland morphology ( J:16021 )

• SEM shows marked plugging of the gland orifice with keratinized cells or debris

Meibomian gland cyst ( J:16021 )

• by one year of age Meibomian glands are distorted by large dermal cysts

abnormal Meibomian gland acinus morphology ( J:16021 )

• marked loss or atrophy of the acinar component of the gland seen at 3 and 6 months of age

Meibomian gland atrophy ( J:16021 )

• seen at 1 year of age due hyperkeratinization of the gland's central duct

abnormal lactation ( J:13057 )

♀ • milk supply is insufficient to raise young but pups will thrive on foster-mother

epidermal cyst ( J:13008 , J:14940 )

• large doses of Vitamin A prevents enlargement of cysts (J:13008)

• cysts are in such large numbers the skin area is greatly increased and consequently wrinkled (J:14940)

• cysts are larger than in homozygous Hr^hr mice (J:14940)

hairless ( J:13057 )

• by 7 weeks of age mouse is completely hairless

• no regeneration occurs

loss of eyelid cilia ( J:16021 )

• at 6 months of age, eyelid cilia are absent

progressive hair loss ( J:13057 )

deformed nails ( J:13057 )

• a ventral curvature forces mice to walk on the hind part of the foot, impeding movement

long toenails ( J:13057 )

• by 5 weeks of age nail overgrowth is observed on claws of all four feet

• overgrowth continues with age and may be more than a centimeter in length

• overgrowth is greater in males than females, especially on the forefeet

abnormal piliary canal morphology ( J:13057 )

• hair canal cysts

dilated hair follicle ( J:21692 )

• the skin has deformed, non-hair bearing follicles that are distended with horny material made of multiple layers of corneocytes

• topical treatment with all-trans retinoic acid: diminishes the contents of the distended follicles and thickens the follicular epithelium to 4-6 layers by 2 days of treatment; normalizes many of the follicles, with the follicular epithelium thickening to 10 cell layers, by 3 days of treatment; and normalizes all follicular structures by 6 days of treatment

hyperkeratosis ( J:13057 )

• this extensive condition in hair follicles produces hair canal cysts

thick epidermis ( J:14940 )

• caused by formation of sebaceous-gland and follicle-end cysts

skin ridges ( J:13057 )

• transverse ridges on nose, back and belly

• longitudinal ridges on forehead

wrinkled skin ( J:13057 )

• at 3 weeks of age mice begin to show wrinkling of skin

• changes are patterned with transverse ridges on nose, back and belly; longitudinal ridges on forehead; a lateral fold on abdomen from foreleg to hindleg

limbs/digits/tail

long toenails ( J:13057 )

• by 5 weeks of age nail overgrowth is observed on claws of all four feet

• overgrowth continues with age and may be more than a centimeter in length

• overgrowth is greater in males than females, especially on the forefeet

Genotype
MGI:3815544

hm3

• Allelic Composition: Hr^rh/Hr^rh
• Genetic Background: RHJ/LeJ

hearing/vestibular/ear

decreased cochlear inner hair cell number ( J:57947 )

• severe loss of both inner and outer hair cells

decreased cochlear outer hair cell number ( J:57947 )

• severe loss of both inner and outer hair cells

absent cochlear hair cell stereocilia ( J:57947 )

• most of the remaining hair cells in adults lack stereocilia

nervous system

decreased cochlear inner hair cell number ( J:57947 )

• severe loss of both inner and outer hair cells

decreased cochlear outer hair cell number ( J:57947 )

• severe loss of both inner and outer hair cells

absent cochlear hair cell stereocilia ( J:57947 )

• most of the remaining hair cells in adults lack stereocilia

cochlear ganglion hypoplasia ( J:57947 )

• reduced size and cell density of the ganglion, more pronounced in adult than juvenile

vision/eye

thin retina ganglion layer ( J:57947 )

• reduced thickness of the ganglion cell layer, more pronounced in the adult than the juvenile

thin retina inner plexiform layer ( J:57947 )

• reduced thickness of the inner plexiform layer, more pronounced in the adult than the juvenile

digestive/alimentary system

abnormal intestinal mucosa morphology ( J:57947 )

• increased diameter of the muscularis mucosae

abnormal colon morphology ( J:57947 )

• increased number of villi in the colon

decreased small intestinal villus height ( J:57947 )

• at the illeum the villi are shorter and very fragile

hematopoietic system

thymus atrophy ( J:57947 )

immune system

thymus atrophy ( J:57947 )

endocrine/exocrine glands

thymus atrophy ( J:57947 )

Genotype
MGI:4943567

ht4

• Allelic Composition: Hr^rh-7J/Hr^rh
• Genetic Background: involves: C57BL/6J * HRS/J

integument

abnormal hair growth ( J:78474 )

• hair growth of mice of this genotype appeared intermediate between mice homozygous for the allele hairless, Hr

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, compared with mice homozygous for the allele rhino, Hr