Analysis Tools|
Allele Symbol Allele Name Allele ID |
Alx4lst-J Strong's luxoid Jackson MGI:1856069 |
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| Summary |
7 genotypes
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• double mutant mice generally die within a few hours after birth
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• at E12.5 and E13.5, double mutant frontal, parietal, and nasal bones are severely abnormal and reduced
• the alisphenoid and squamosal bones are malformed and reduced
• the basipresphenoid and pterygoid processes are severely deformed and broader
• notably, the posterior elements of the sphenoid bone, the occipital bone and the otic capsule, tympanic ring, inner and middle ear structures appear normal
• these craniofacial defects are first apparent at ~E10.5, when the nasal processes appear to be abnormally positioned
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• at E12.5 and E13.5, double mutants display a broader posterior skull, while the anterior skull is truncated
• most facial bones and many other neural crest derived skull elements are deformed, truncated or even absent
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• at E12.5 and E13.5, double mutants display a severely deformed and broader skull base
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• double mutants display a short cranium, similar to mice that are homozygous for Alx3tm1Fme and heterozygous for Alx4lst-J, and mice that are heterozygous for Alx3tm1Fme and homozygous for Alx4lst-J
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• double mutants display a broad cranium, similar to mice that are homozygous for Alx3tm1Fme and heterozygous for Alx4lst-J, and mice that are heterozygous for Alx3tm1Fme and homozygous for Alx4lst-J
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• double mutant newborns display an abnormal skull vault due to a size reduction in the parietal, frontal and nasal bones
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• double mutant newborns display wide fontanelles
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• double mutants display a more severe size reduction of the parietal bone than single Alx4lst-J homozygotes
|
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• most facial bones are deformed, truncated or even absent
|
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• double mutants display a more severe size reduction of the frontal bone than single Alx4lst-J homozygotes
|
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• at E12.5 and E13.5, the distal part of the dentaries is truncated
• however, incisors are present and the proximal part of the mandible appears normal
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• at E12.5 and E13.5, the double mutant premaxilla and maxilla are positioned abnormally laterally
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• at E10.5, the double mutant nasal processes (frontal processes of maxilla) are spaced more laterally than in wild-type embryos
|
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• at E12.5 and E13.5, the double mutant premaxilla and maxilla are positioned abnormally laterally
|
|
• double mutants display a severe size reduction of the nasal bones
|
|
• in double mutant mice, the nasal capsule is split into two separate halves closed by remnants of the nasal septum
• at E12.5 and E13.5, the nasal labyrinths and anterior part of the nasal capsule are severely deformed and curved
|
|
• at E12.5 and E13.5, double mutant nasal cavities are malformed
• in contrast, more posterior cranial structures, like the palatal processes and tongue, appear normal
|
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• double mutant newborns lack a medial nasal septum
|
|
• mildly affected double mutants display only a partially split nasal tip
|
|
• double mutant newborns display a highly variable split nose, similar to mice that are homozygous for Alx3tm1Fme and heterozygous for Alx4lst-J, and mice that are heterozygous for Alx3tm1Fme and homozygous for Alx4lst-J
• in severe cases, both lateral halves of the nose are anteriorly truncated and spaced wide apart
|
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• double mutant newborns display a highly variable midfacial clefting of the entire nose region, similar to mice that are homozygous for Alx3tm1Fme and heterozygous for Alx4lst-J and mice that are heterozygous for Alx3tm1Fme and homozygous for Alx4lst-J
• the earliest anatomical defects leading to the cleft nose phenotype are first detected at E10.5, when the nasal processes grow out abnormally laterally
• as a result, the medial nasal processes fail to fuse in the facial midline at E11.5, causing the split nose phenotype
• these defects are associated with a significant number of mesenchymal cells undergoing apoptosis at E10.0 in a restricted region of the frontonasal process of double mutatnt embryos
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• double mutant mice exhibit preaxial polydactyly of the fore- and hindlimbs, similar to that observed in single Alx4lst-J homozygotes
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• double mutants lack the deltoid crests, similar to single Alx4lst-J homozygotes
|
|
• at E12.5 and E13.5, double mutant frontal, parietal, and nasal bones are severely abnormal and reduced
• the alisphenoid and squamosal bones are malformed and reduced
• the basipresphenoid and pterygoid processes are severely deformed and broader
• notably, the posterior elements of the sphenoid bone, the occipital bone and the otic capsule, tympanic ring, inner and middle ear structures appear normal
• these craniofacial defects are first apparent at ~E10.5, when the nasal processes appear to be abnormally positioned
|
|
• at E12.5 and E13.5, double mutants display a broader posterior skull, while the anterior skull is truncated
• most facial bones and many other neural crest derived skull elements are deformed, truncated or even absent
|
|
• at E12.5 and E13.5, double mutants display a severely deformed and broader skull base
|
|
• double mutants display a short cranium, similar to mice that are homozygous for Alx3tm1Fme and heterozygous for Alx4lst-J, and mice that are heterozygous for Alx3tm1Fme and homozygous for Alx4lst-J
|
|
• double mutants display a broad cranium, similar to mice that are homozygous for Alx3tm1Fme and heterozygous for Alx4lst-J, and mice that are heterozygous for Alx3tm1Fme and homozygous for Alx4lst-J
|
|
• double mutant newborns display an abnormal skull vault due to a size reduction in the parietal, frontal and nasal bones
|
|
• double mutant newborns display wide fontanelles
|
|
• double mutants display a more severe size reduction of the parietal bone than single Alx4lst-J homozygotes
|
|
• most facial bones are deformed, truncated or even absent
|
|
• double mutants display a more severe size reduction of the frontal bone than single Alx4lst-J homozygotes
|
|
• at E12.5 and E13.5, the distal part of the dentaries is truncated
• however, incisors are present and the proximal part of the mandible appears normal
|
|
• at E12.5 and E13.5, the double mutant premaxilla and maxilla are positioned abnormally laterally
|
|
• at E10.5, the double mutant nasal processes (frontal processes of maxilla) are spaced more laterally than in wild-type embryos
|
|
• at E12.5 and E13.5, the double mutant premaxilla and maxilla are positioned abnormally laterally
|
|
• double mutants display a severe size reduction of the nasal bones
|
|
• in double mutant mice, the nasal capsule is split into two separate halves closed by remnants of the nasal septum
• at E12.5 and E13.5, the nasal labyrinths and anterior part of the nasal capsule are severely deformed and curved
|
|
• double mutants lack the deltoid crests, similar to single Alx4lst-J homozygotes
|
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• double mutants exhibit a reduction of the medial (sternal) end of the clavicle; not observed in single Alx4lst-J homozygotes
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• double mutant newborns display bulging eyes apparently due to cranial defects
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• double mutant newborns display wide open eyes more often than single Alx4lst-J homozygotes
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• double mutant newborns contain no milk in their stomachs
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• double mutants display a severe size reduction of the nasal bones
|
|
• in double mutant mice, the nasal capsule is split into two separate halves closed by remnants of the nasal septum
• at E12.5 and E13.5, the nasal labyrinths and anterior part of the nasal capsule are severely deformed and curved
|
|
• at E12.5 and E13.5, double mutant nasal cavities are malformed
• in contrast, more posterior cranial structures, like the palatal processes and tongue, appear normal
|
|
• double mutant newborns lack a medial nasal septum
|
|
• mildly affected double mutants display only a partially split nasal tip
|
|
• double mutant newborns display a highly variable split nose, similar to mice that are homozygous for Alx3tm1Fme and heterozygous for Alx4lst-J, and mice that are heterozygous for Alx3tm1Fme and homozygous for Alx4lst-J
• in severe cases, both lateral halves of the nose are anteriorly truncated and spaced wide apart
|
|
• double mutant newborns display a highly variable midfacial clefting of the entire nose region, similar to mice that are homozygous for Alx3tm1Fme and heterozygous for Alx4lst-J and mice that are heterozygous for Alx3tm1Fme and homozygous for Alx4lst-J
• the earliest anatomical defects leading to the cleft nose phenotype are first detected at E10.5, when the nasal processes grow out abnormally laterally
• as a result, the medial nasal processes fail to fuse in the facial midline at E11.5, causing the split nose phenotype
• these defects are associated with a significant number of mesenchymal cells undergoing apoptosis at E10.0 in a restricted region of the frontonasal process of double mutatnt embryos
|
|
• double mutants display a severe size reduction of the nasal bones
|
|
• in double mutant mice, the nasal capsule is split into two separate halves closed by remnants of the nasal septum
• at E12.5 and E13.5, the nasal labyrinths and anterior part of the nasal capsule are severely deformed and curved
|
|
• at E12.5 and E13.5, double mutant nasal cavities are malformed
• in contrast, more posterior cranial structures, like the palatal processes and tongue, appear normal
|
|
• double mutant newborns lack a medial nasal septum
|
|
• mildly affected double mutants display only a partially split nasal tip
|
|
• double mutant newborns display a highly variable split nose, similar to mice that are homozygous for Alx3tm1Fme and heterozygous for Alx4lst-J, and mice that are heterozygous for Alx3tm1Fme and homozygous for Alx4lst-J
• in severe cases, both lateral halves of the nose are anteriorly truncated and spaced wide apart
|
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|
| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
|
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• scapular blade is more severely malformed than in double Alx4 and Alx1 mutants
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• spine is more reduced than in double Alx4 and Alx1 mutants
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• severe reduction of the scapular blade at E16.5; the only remnants of the scapula are the glenoid fossa, a small fraction of the acromion, and the posterior part of the blade
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• clavicle is truncated
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• scapular blade rostral from the spine is absent
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• acromion is shortened
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• spine is shortened
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• pubic bone is more severely reduced than in single mutants
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Mouse Genome Database (MGD), Gene Expression Database (GXD), Mouse Models of Human Cancer database (MMHCdb) (formerly Mouse Tumor Biology (MTB)), Gene Ontology (GO) |
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last database update 12/10/2024 MGI 6.24 |
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