mortality/aging
• some die between weaning and 3 months of age from cyanosis
|
• many die before weaning from malocclusion
|
cardiovascular system
craniofacial
• bull dog-like appearance due to the domed head and shortened upper jaw
|
• skull length is reduced to 77% of normal
|
• skull width is reduced to 95% of normal
|
malocclusion
(
J:5109
)
short maxilla
(
J:5109
)
domed cranium
(
J:5109
)
• short nose with a broad transverse depression across the base
|
growth/size/body
malocclusion
(
J:5109
)
• short nose with a broad transverse depression across the base
|
• square rumped
|
• organ weights at 17-34 days of age are about 37-60% of normal
• organ weights at 60 days of age are about 56-98% of normal
|
• at birth, weigh slighly less than controls and adults never attain normal weight
|
• during the first few weeks, growth is greatly retarded
|
limbs/digits/tail
brachydactyly
(
J:5109
)
• short thick toes
|
short humerus
(
J:5109
)
short radius
(
J:5109
)
short ulna
(
J:5109
)
short femur
(
J:5109
)
short tibia
(
J:5109
)
short limbs
(
J:5109
)
short tail
(
J:5109
)
• tail is reduced to 51% of normal
|
thick tail
(
J:5109
)
skeleton
• proliferating cartilage cell columns are shorter
|
• thinner epiphyseal plate
|
• lengths of limb bones are 60 to 72% of normal
|
short humerus
(
J:5109
)
short radius
(
J:5109
)
short ulna
(
J:5109
)
short femur
(
J:5109
)
short tibia
(
J:5109
)
short scapula
(
J:5109
)
• reduced width of scapula
|
• short pelvis
|
• axial skeleton is reduced to 68% of normal
|
• skull length is reduced to 77% of normal
|
• skull width is reduced to 95% of normal
|
malocclusion
(
J:5109
)
short maxilla
(
J:5109
)
domed cranium
(
J:5109
)
• primary trabeculae are shorter, less numerous, and not aligned as well as in controls
|
respiratory system
• short nose with a broad transverse depression across the base
|
homeostasis/metabolism
reproductive system
• neither sex breeds well
|
hematopoietic system
small spleen
(
J:5109
)
• spleen size is 37% of normal
|
immune system
small spleen
(
J:5109
)
• spleen size is 37% of normal
|