Phenotypes associated with this allele

• Allele Symbol: Flg^ft
• Allele Name: flaky tail
• Allele ID: MGI:1856880
• Summary: 8 genotypes

Jump to	Allelic Composition	Genetic Background	Genotype ID
hm1	Flg^ft/Flg^ft	B6.Cg-Flg^ft	MGI:4353266
hm2	Flg^ft/Flg^ft	involves: C57BL/6	MGI:4353234
hm3	Flg^ft/Flg^ft	involves: C57BL/6J	MGI:3609009
hm4	Flg^ft/Flg^ft	involves: C57BL/6JJcl	MGI:5559072
hm5	Flg^ft/Flg^ft	Not Specified	MGI:5466503
hm6	Flg^ft/Flg^ft	STOCK a/a Tmem79^ma Flg^ft/J	MGI:5532944
cx7	Flg^ft/Flg^ft Tmem79^ma/Tmem79^ma	involves: C57BL/6J * CBA/CaGr	MGI:3604733
cx8	Flg^ft/Flg^ft Tmem79^ma/Tmem79^ma	involves: CBA/CaGr	MGI:5559362

Genotype
MGI:4353266

hm1

• Allelic Composition: Flg^ft/Flg^ft
• Genetic Background: B6.Cg-Flg^ft

• ♀: phenotype observed in females
• ♂: phenotype observed in males
• N: normal phenotype

immune system

immune system phenotype ( J:151110 , J:202453 )

N • mice exhibit normal pulmonary sensitization and airway hyper-responsiveness following exposure to ovalbumin (J:151110)

N • mice exhibit normal immune sensitization to intraperitoneal injections of ovalbumin (J:151110)

N • dermatitis-like skin inflammation is not detected (J:202453)

increased splenocyte proliferation ( J:151110 )

• following cutaneous ovalbumin treatment

increased IgE level ( J:151110 , J:202453 )

• following cutaneous ovalbumin treatment (J:151110)

increased IgG level ( J:151110 )

• following cutaneous ovalbumin treatment

increased IgG1 level ( J:151110 )

• following cutaneous ovalbumin treatment

increased IgG2a level ( J:151110 )

• following cutaneous ovalbumin treatment

increased interferon-gamma secretion ( J:151110 )

• from splenocytes following cutaneous ovalbumin treatment

increased interleukin-10 secretion ( J:151110 )

• from splenocytes following cutaneous ovalbumin treatment

increased interleukin-13 secretion ( J:151110 )

• from splenocytes following cutaneous ovalbumin treatment

increased interleukin-17 secretion ( J:151110 )

• from splenocytes following cutaneous ovalbumin treatment

increased interleukin-4 secretion ( J:151110 )

• from splenocytes following cutaneous ovalbumin treatment

increased interleukin-5 secretion ( J:151110 )

• from splenocytes following cutaneous ovalbumin treatment

integument

impaired skin barrier function ( J:151110 )

• cutaneous ovalbumin treatment results in greater transepidermal water loss than in similarly treated wild-type mice

abnormal hair cuticle ( J:202453 )

• defective cuticle morphology

abnormal epidermal layer morphology ( J:202453 )

orthokeratosis ( J:202453 )

• mild and diffuse, with increased dermal cell infiltration compared to controls

acanthosis ( J:151110 , J:202453 )

• cutaneous exposure to ovalbumin induces mild acanthosis with infiltrates of mixed inflammatory cells unlike in similarly treated wild-type mice (J:151110)

• focal (J:202453)

dry skin ( J:202453 )

• significant ichthyosis is seen in neonates

scaly skin ( J:202453 )

• significant ichthyosis is seen in neonates

hematopoietic system

increased splenocyte proliferation ( J:151110 )

• following cutaneous ovalbumin treatment

increased IgE level ( J:151110 , J:202453 )

• following cutaneous ovalbumin treatment (J:151110)

increased IgG level ( J:151110 )

• following cutaneous ovalbumin treatment

increased IgG1 level ( J:151110 )

• following cutaneous ovalbumin treatment

increased IgG2a level ( J:151110 )

• following cutaneous ovalbumin treatment

homeostasis/metabolism

impaired skin barrier function ( J:151110 )

• cutaneous ovalbumin treatment results in greater transepidermal water loss than in similarly treated wild-type mice

cellular

increased splenocyte proliferation ( J:151110 )

• following cutaneous ovalbumin treatment

Genotype
MGI:4353234

hm2

• Allelic Composition: Flg^ft/Flg^ft
• Genetic Background: involves: C57BL/6

immune system

skin inflammation ( J:151110 )

• mice exhibit sporadic superficial dermal cellular infiltration that includes lymphocytes, eosinophils, and mononuclear cells

integument

integument phenotype ( J:151110 )

N • transepidermal water loss is not statistically different from in wild-type mice in untreated mice

skin inflammation ( J:151110 )

• mice exhibit sporadic superficial dermal cellular infiltration that includes lymphocytes, eosinophils, and mononuclear cells

orthokeratosis ( J:151110 )

• at 6 to 8 weeks of age

acanthosis ( J:151110 )

• the magnitude of acanthosis is variable among individual mice

Genotype
MGI:3609009

hm3

• Allelic Composition: Flg^ft/Flg^ft
• Genetic Background: involves: C57BL/6J

limbs/digits/tail

tail necrosis ( J:5286 )

• flaking ceases about 14 days of age but tails may develop constricted rings and become necrotic

mortality/aging

postnatal lethality ( J:5286 )

• death before weaning may be due to inability to compete for food due to small size

growth/size/body

small ears ( J:5286 )

• small ears persist at 3 to 4 weeks of age but may be difficult to discern

short ears ( J:5286 )

• between 5 and 14 days of age ears are shorter and thicker than in normal sibs

thick ears ( J:5286 )

• between 5 and 14 days of age ears are shorter and thicker than in normal sibs

decreased body size ( J:5286 )

• between 5 and 14 days of age most mutants are smaller than age and sex-matched sibs

hearing/vestibular/ear

small ears ( J:5286 )

• small ears persist at 3 to 4 weeks of age but may be difficult to discern

short ears ( J:5286 )

• between 5 and 14 days of age ears are shorter and thicker than in normal sibs

thick ears ( J:5286 )

• between 5 and 14 days of age ears are shorter and thicker than in normal sibs

craniofacial

small ears ( J:5286 )

• small ears persist at 3 to 4 weeks of age but may be difficult to discern

short ears ( J:5286 )

• between 5 and 14 days of age ears are shorter and thicker than in normal sibs

thick ears ( J:5286 )

• between 5 and 14 days of age ears are shorter and thicker than in normal sibs

integument

hyperkeratosis ( J:66567 )

• mice lack normal keratohyalin F granules and filaggrin implicated in epidermal hydration

abnormal epidermis stratum granulosum morphology ( J:5286 )

• between 1 and 8 days of age the stratum granulosum does not contain as many layers as that of normal sibs

acanthosis ( J:66567 )

abnormal skin appearance ( J:5286 )

• as early as 2 to 4 days skin of feet appear stretched and skin on the back appears stretched and shiny

• fewer cells in this layer may reflect inactivity of underlying layers

flaky skin ( J:5286 )

• apparent at 2-4 days of age especially on the tail

• flaking ceases about 14 days of age but tails may develop constricted rings and become necrotic

• by 3 to 4 weeks of age if tail constriction has not progressed to amputation, mice look normal except for small ears

• this mutatation may provide insight into th molecular basis of filaggrin-deficient human ichthyosis vulgaris

abnormal tail ring morphology ( J:5286 )

• flaking ceases about 14 days of age but tails may develop constricted rings and become necrotic

Genotype
MGI:5559072

hm4

• Allelic Composition: Flg^ft/Flg^ft
• Genetic Background: involves: C57BL/6JJcl

integument

integument phenotype ( J:202316 )

N • mice do not exhibit spontaneous dermatitis

Genotype
MGI:5466503

hm5

• Allelic Composition: Flg^ft/Flg^ft
• Genetic Background: Not Specified

integument

impaired skin barrier function ( J:192725 , J:198332 )

• increased transepidermal water loss (J:198332)

dermatitis ( J:198332 )

• even in specific pathogen free conditions

homeostasis/metabolism

impaired skin barrier function ( J:192725 , J:198332 )

• increased transepidermal water loss (J:198332)

immune system

dermatitis ( J:198332 )

• even in specific pathogen free conditions

Genotype
MGI:5532944

hm6

• Allelic Composition: Flg^ft/Flg^ft
• Genetic Background: STOCK a/a Tmem79^ma Flg^ft/J

integument

abnormal skin morphology ( J:204304 )

• skin of 5 day old pups contains a higher population of langerin positive cells

epidermal spongiosis ( J:204304 )

• mild spongiosis is seen by 5 days of age

hyperkeratosis ( J:204304 )

• mild hyperkeratosis is seen by 5 days of age

thin epidermis stratum granulosum ( J:204304 )

• hypogranulosis

acanthosis ( J:204304 )

• seen by 5 days of age

thick epidermis ( J:204304 )

• seen by 5 days of age

flaky skin ( J:204304 )

• on the tail

scaly skin ( J:204304 )

• presence of scales on the tail skin

• however mice do not exhibit abnormal corneodesmosomal desquamation

abnormal skin physiology ( J:204304 )

• lymphocytic exocytosis in 5 day old skin

• marker analysis indicates abnormal differentiation state of the epidermis and hyperproliferation

dermatitis ( J:204304 )

• reactive inflammatory epidermitis by 5 days of age

homeostasis/metabolism

epidermal spongiosis ( J:204304 )

• mild spongiosis is seen by 5 days of age

abnormal cytokine level ( J:204304 )

• skin of 5 day old pups shows increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including Il4, Il13, Il1beta, and Tslp

immune system

abnormal cytokine level ( J:204304 )

• skin of 5 day old pups shows increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including Il4, Il13, Il1beta, and Tslp

dermatitis ( J:204304 )

• reactive inflammatory epidermitis by 5 days of age

Mouse Models of Human Disease		DO ID	OMIM ID(s)	Ref(s)
atopic dermatitis 2		DOID:0110098	OMIM:605803	J:204304

Genotype
MGI:3604733

cx7

• Allelic Composition: Flg^ft/Flg^ft; Tmem79^ma/Tmem79^ma
• Genetic Background: involves: C57BL/6J * CBA/CaGr

integument

integument phenotype ( J:30359 )

N • mice were examined at 5 weeks of age when the effects of the flaky-skin mutation on skin condition are not yet seen

abnormal coat/ hair morphology ( J:30359 )

abnormal coat appearance ( J:30359 )

• clumped hair and bald spots develop in mutant mice by 4 weeks of age

• the hair of older non-agouti black mice may appear brown although a pigment defect is not reported

alopecia ( J:30359 )

• bald patches occur in areas that are rubbed, breaking hair shafts

matted coat ( J:30359 )

• clumped hair can be seen in mutant mice by 4 weeks of age

• saliva introduced during grooming causes the hair to mat

• the matted appearance is easily seen when the fur is stroked opposite the normal direction of the coat

abnormal hair shaft morphology ( J:30359 )

• hair shaft above matrix does not develop normally in some mutant mice

• hairs tend to break and split

abnormal hair follicle matrix region morphology ( J:30359 )

• found where hair shafts become structurallly abnormal

Genotype
MGI:5559362

cx8

• Allelic Composition: Flg^ft/Flg^ft; Tmem79^ma/Tmem79^ma
• Genetic Background: involves: CBA/CaGr

integument

impaired skin barrier function ( J:202453 )

• increased transepidermal water loss

skin inflammation ( J:202453 )

• marked skin inflammation with a broad spectrum of pathologies

• some mice exhibit profound lesions and excoriation

abnormal coat appearance ( J:202453 )

alopecia ( J:202453 )

• occasional at 32 weeks of age

brittle hair ( J:202453 )

• hair breakage at 32 weeks of age

• fragile hairs prone to longitudinal splitting and breakage with defective cuticle morphology

matted coat ( J:202453 )

abnormal hair cortex keratinization ( J:202453 )

• keratinization defects

abnormal hair cuticle ( J:202453 )

• defective cuticle morphology

orthokeratosis ( J:202453 )

• prominent, with dermal inflammatory infiltrates

acanthosis ( J:202453 )

• marked

abnormal skin appearance ( J:202453 )

dry skin ( J:202453 )

• significant ichthyosis is seen in neonates

scaly skin ( J:202453 )

• significant ichthyosis is seen in neonates

immune system

increased IgE level ( J:202453 )

blepharitis ( J:202453 )

• occasional blepharitis and eyelid dermatitis in some mice

skin inflammation ( J:202453 )

• marked skin inflammation with a broad spectrum of pathologies

• some mice exhibit profound lesions and excoriation

vision/eye

blepharitis ( J:202453 )

• occasional blepharitis and eyelid dermatitis in some mice

hematopoietic system

increased IgE level ( J:202453 )

homeostasis/metabolism

impaired skin barrier function ( J:202453 )

• increased transepidermal water loss