All Phenotypes Vcam1<tm1Roml> MGI Mouse

embryonic lethality during organogenesis, complete penetrance ( J:23137 , J:28110 )

• about half die before E11.5 with severe placental defects and the remaining embryos die at E11.5-12.5 with heart abnormalities (J:23137)

decreased embryo size ( J:23137 , J:28110 )

• 50% of E10.5 embryos are smaller (J:23137)

abnormal extraembryonic tissue morphology ( J:23137 )

• embryos that die before E11.5 all display placental/chorion defects

abnormal allantois morphology ( J:28110 )

• about 50% of embryos have large fluid-filled allantoic stalks or a smaller-than-normal necrotic allantois

dilated allantois ( J:23137 )

• 50% of E9.5 embryos exhibit an abnormal allantois that present as a large, swollen sac not connected to the chorion

hydropic allantois ( J:28110 )

• about 50% of embryos have large fluid-filled allantoic stalks

abnormal chorioallantoic fusion ( J:28110 )

• some homozygotes contain an allantois that is loosely attached to the chorion, however this attachment is often not at the normal, most distal, end of the allanotis, but on the side of the allantois

failure of chorioallantoic fusion ( J:23137 )

• allantois fails to fuse to the chorion

abnormal cardiovascular system morphology ( J:23137 )

• embryos that survive past E11.5 display heart abnormalities but not placental defects

abnormal myocardium layer morphology ( J:23137 )

• occasional blebs of myocardium are seen extruding from the myocardial walls

thin ventricle myocardium compact layer ( J:23137 , J:28110 )

• reduction of the compact layer of the ventricular myocardium (J:23137)

• at E12.5, hearts have a thinner ventricular myocardium, particularly in the compact zone of the ventricle (J:28110)

disorganized myocardium ( J:23137 , J:28110 )

• ventricular myocardium is less compact and the cells more randomly organized (J:23137)

abnormal interventricular septum morphology ( J:23137 , J:28110 )

• reduction in the size of the developing intraventricular septum (J:23137)

abnormal epicardium morphology ( J:28110 )

absent epicardium ( J:23137 )

• absent epicardium in all E11.5 hearts, however small numbers of epicardial cells are detected on the atrium while the ventricular myocardium is completely devoid of epicardial cells

pericardial effusion ( J:23137 , J:28110 )

• significantly larger amounts of blood in the pericardial sac at E11.5 (J:23137)