mortality/aging
• homozygotes are viable until the blastocyst stage (E3.5) but die upon implantation and before gastrulation
• mutant embryos are fully resorbed by E6.5
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embryo
• at E6.0, presumptive mutant embryos exhibit highly disorganized ectoderm cells
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• at E5.5, presumptive mutant embryos have initiated a uterine reaction but resemble implanting blastocysts that are about to collapse
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• at E5.5, presumptive mutant embryos are growth retarded
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• at E5.5, presumptive mutant embryos are abnormally small and round
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• at E5.5, mutant embryos contain parietal endoderm-like cells, suggesting that primitive endoderm primarily fails to differentiate into visceral endoderm
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• in vitro, mutant blastocysts are able to form an ICM and trophoblast cell layer outgrowths; however, further differentiation of ICM is curtailed and visceral endoderm differentiation fails
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• at E6.0, presumptive mutant embryos lack an identifiable extraembryonic tissue
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• at E6.0, presumptive mutant embryos lack ectoplacental cavities
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• at E6.0, presumptive mutant embryos lack a visible parietal endoderm cell layer
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• at E6.0, presumptive mutant embryos lack proamniotic cavities
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• at E6.0, presumptive mutant embryos lack a visible visceral endoderm cell layer
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growth/size/body
• at E5.5, presumptive mutant embryos are growth retarded
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• at E5.5, presumptive mutant embryos are abnormally small and round
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