mortality/aging
• mice die by the first day after birth
|
skeleton
• mice exhibit open sternums
|
• the number of sternebrae is reduced compared to in wild-type mice
|
• the size of sternebrae is reduced compared to in wild-type mice
|
split sternum
(
J:62577
)
• the sternal bands are open unlike in wild-type mice
|
• rib 1 is reduced or absent and no longer connected to the sternum unlike in wild-type mice
• rib 8 is unusually long and sometimes joins the sternal bands on one side or both unlike in wild-type mice
|
rib fusion
(
J:62577
)
• rib 1 often fuses to rib 2
|
• all mice exhibit a transformation of T8 to a T7 phenotype, T4 to a T3 or T2 phenotype, T2 to a T1 phenotype, and T1 to a C7 phenotype
|
• smaller than normal
|
• mice lack the ventral curvature of the vertebral column at the cervicothoracic boundary
|
• one or both anterior tuberculi on C6 is absent or fused with an abnormal ectopic tuberculi on C7 unlike in wild-type mice
• C7 exhibits vertebrarterial canals normally found on C1 to C6
|
• the neural arch on C1 is thinned compared to in wild-type mice
|
• the neural arch on C2 is thickened and 12% of mice exhibit an extra central tubercle unlike in wild-type mice
|
• C7 is transformed to a C6 phenotype in 92% of mice
• C6 is transformed to a C5 phenotype in 96% of mice
• all mice exhibit a transformation of C2 to C1 and 62% of mice exhibit an anterior transformation of C1
|
nervous system
• at E10.5, 6 of 11 mice exhibit abnormal glossopharyngeal nerves including 3 of 11 with the glossopharyngeal nerve closer to the vagus nerve unilaterally, 1 of 11 with the glossopharyngeal nerve closer to the vagus nerve bilaterally, and 2 of 11 with the glossopharyngeal nerve absent unilaterally
|
• in 2 of 11 mice
|
• 1 of 11 mice exhibit abnormal migrating of the vagus nerve
|
• in some mice
|
cardiovascular system
• at E16.5
|
• at E16.5
|
• in some mice
|
growth/size/body
• at E16.5
|
• body size reduced by 50% at birth
|
• the abdominal wall and sternal bands are open unlike in wild-type mice
|
homeostasis/metabolism