Analysis Tools|
Allele Symbol Allele Name Allele ID |
Gnat1tm1Clma targeted mutation 1, C L Makino MGI:2152779 |
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| Summary |
7 genotypes
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• a-wave amplitude is 5-fold smaller than in Gngt1tm1Dgen homozygous mice
• maximal b-wave amplitude is reduced about 4-fold compared to wild-type controls
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• rod outer segment length is shortened by 13 weeks of age
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• thickness slightly reduced at 51 weeks of age
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• very slightly reduced in thickness in 4 week old mice and reduced by one row of nuclei in 13 week old mice
• thickness of outer nuclear layer remains stable from 13 weeks to 51 weeks
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• retina is grossly normal in young mice but degeneration occurs with age
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• no rod b-wave is present on electroretinogram
• cone driven components of ERG are all normal however
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| N |
• taste response to MSG is completely normal whereas, in combination with homozygous Gnat3tm1Rfm, mice become unresponsive to MSG
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• rod outer segment length is shortened by 13 weeks of age
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• triple mutants essentially show no pupillary reflex in response to intense exposure of light at 480 nm, monochromatic light at other wavelengths (360-660 nm) or intense white light
• on close scrutiny, 2 out of 6 triple mutants displayed a small, very transient pupil constriction in response to bright 480-nm light; however, this was not consistently observed on repeated stimulus trials with extensive dark adaptation (up to 3 days) in between
• in contrast, triple mutants exhibit maximum pupil constriction in response to carbachol (a parasympathetic agonist)
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• actograms of wheel running under a 16/8-h light/dark cycle showed that triple mutants free-run with a period of less than 24 hours
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• triple homozygotes fail to entrain to light/dark cycles and show no masking response to light
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| N |
• triple homozygotes display normal retinal morphology and thickness relative to wild-type mice
• also, triple mutants show normal abundance and central connectivity of melanopsin-expressing retinal ganglion cells in brain
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• triple mutants essentially show no pupillary reflex in response to intense exposure of light at 480 nm, monochromatic light at other wavelengths (360-660 nm) or intense white light
• on close scrutiny, 2 out of 6 triple mutants displayed a small, very transient pupil constriction in response to bright 480-nm light; however, this was not consistently observed on repeated stimulus trials with extensive dark adaptation (up to 3 days) in between
• in contrast, triple mutants exhibit maximum pupil constriction in response to carbachol (a parasympathetic agonist)
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• increase in lipofuscin autofluorescence in the fundus
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• cone responses appear somewhat faster than those of control single Gnat1 homozygotes
• the maximum cone response amplitude is about 20% lower than in single Gnat1 homozygous controls
• the later phase of cone dark adaptation in vivo is delayed, however the early phase of cone recovery is not affected
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• degeneration proceeds at a rate similar to that in Gngt1 single homozygotes
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• degeneration proceeds at a rate similar to that in Gngt1 single homozygotes
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
Severe retinal degeneration in Rhotm2.1Kpal/Rhotm2.1Kpal Gnat1tm1Clma/Gnat1tm1Clma mice and less severe degeneration in Rhotm2.1Kpal/Rhotm2.1Kpal Lrattm1Kpal/Lrattm1Kpal mice
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• more severe than in Rhotm2.1Kpal homozygotes
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• more severe than in Rhotm2.1Kpal homozygotes
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• more severe than in Rhotm2.1Kpal homozygotes
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| ♀ | phenotype observed in females |
| ♂ | phenotype observed in males |
| N | normal phenotype |
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• loss of sensitivity to umami taste sensation as indicated by indifference to MSG at concentrations preferred by control mice
• in contrast, mice homozygous only for Gnat3tm1Rfm continue to be sensitive to MSG but at a reduced level
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• response to MSG stimulation in the corda tympani is reduced
• MSG response in the glossopharyngeal nerve is normal
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Mouse Genome Database (MGD), Gene Expression Database (GXD), Mouse Models of Human Cancer database (MMHCdb) (formerly Mouse Tumor Biology (MTB)), Gene Ontology (GO) |
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last database update 11/12/2024 MGI 6.24 |
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