homeostasis/metabolism
• cold exposed-mice fail to maintain their body temperature unlike wild-type mice
|
• in male mice
|
• in male mice
|
• in male mice
|
• in mice fed a high fat diet but not standard chow
|
• at 3 months, especially during the dark cycle
|
• at 3 months, especially during the dark cycle
|
• at 16 weeks in male, but not female, mice
|
• trend at 25 weeks in male, but not female, mice
|
adipose tissue
• mouse embryonic fibroblasts exhibit a large decrease in adipogenesis compared with wild-type cells
|
• at P5, interscapular brown adipose tissue exhibits decreased Oil red O staining compared to in wild-type mice
• however, brown adipose tissue mass is normal
|
• 2-fold as early as 16 weeks
|
• in male and female mice as early as 16 weeks
|
growth/size/body
• as early as 16 weeks
|
• between 3 and 4 months
|
immune system
• white adipose tissue macrophage exhibit an activated M1 inflammatory phenotype unlike in wild-type mice
|
liver/biliary system
• in male mice at 10 weeks
|
hematopoietic system
• white adipose tissue macrophage exhibit an activated M1 inflammatory phenotype unlike in wild-type mice
|