mortality/aging
• following administration of 15 ug cholera toxin
|
immune system
• absent class switching in B cells
(J:73659)
• class switching recombination (CSR)-induced Smu internal deletion is impaired
(J:120658)
• B cells cultured with LPS and IL-4 fail to switch immunoglobulin expression to IgG1
(J:141427)
• similar defects in IgG3 switching are also observed
(J:141427)
|
• mice exhibit an increase in somatic hypermutation rates compared to in wild-type mice
(J:136224)
• the somatic mutation rates of the upstream region of the S-mu switch is severely reduced
(J:141427)
|
• in Peyer's patches and spleen
• in the lamina propria and Peyer's patches
|
• serum and fecal
|
• fecal
|
• levels are less than one tenth of those in controls
(J:73659)
|
• levels are less than one tenth of those in controls
|
• 2-3 fold elevation in IgM level
(J:73659)
• fecal
(J:169227)
|
• following administration of 15 ug cholera toxin
|
hematopoietic system
• absent class switching in B cells
(J:73659)
• class switching recombination (CSR)-induced Smu internal deletion is impaired
(J:120658)
• B cells cultured with LPS and IL-4 fail to switch immunoglobulin expression to IgG1
(J:141427)
• similar defects in IgG3 switching are also observed
(J:141427)
|
• mice exhibit an increase in somatic hypermutation rates compared to in wild-type mice
(J:136224)
• the somatic mutation rates of the upstream region of the S-mu switch is severely reduced
(J:141427)
|
• in Peyer's patches and spleen
• in the lamina propria and Peyer's patches
|
• serum and fecal
|
• fecal
|
• levels are less than one tenth of those in controls
(J:73659)
|
• levels are less than one tenth of those in controls
|
• 2-3 fold elevation in IgM level
(J:73659)
• fecal
(J:169227)
|