mortality/aging
• progressive decline and death by 4 to 6 months of age
• mean lifespan is shortened
|
reproductive system
• sperm are present in testicular tubules but only a few degenerate sperm are seen in the epididymis (spermatic abiotrophy)
|
• females are infertile
• however, when ovaries are transferred to ovarectomized immunodeficient recipients matings to wild-type mice produce heterozygous mutant pups
|
hematopoietic system
• mild regenerative hemolytic anemia
|
• absence of a well defined demarcation membrane system with membranes taking on a spherical or bubble like appearance
• the endoplasmic reticulum is more prominent and dilated, there is a reduction in the number of alpha granules and dense bodies, and a wider peripheral zone
|
• bone marrow and spleen megakaryocytes most commonly underwent only one endomitosis to a ploidy of 4N
|
• histologically in bone marrow, spleen and lung
• FACS analysis of 4-8 week-old mouse bone marrow shows a 4-fold increase in percentages of CD41+CD61+ megakaryocytes
• at 6 to 10 weeks of age, occasional megakaryocytes are seen in the peripheral blood
|
• 2-fold increase in the number of megakaryocyte progenitors in the bone marrow at 19 to 34 weeks of age
|
• in young adults
|
anisocytosis
(
J:157223
)
• in peripheral blood smears, at 6 to 10 weeks of age
|
• stomatocytes are present in peripheral blood smears, at 6 to 10 weeks of age
|
• increase in the percentage of neutrophils
|
• beta-1 tubulin-stained platelets have a more intense staining and an increase in the diameter of the microtubule coils
• by TEM, an increase in the number of small, immature alpha-granules and in the numbers of mitochondria
• TEM shows the scattered remnants of rough endoplasmic reticulum normally lost during platelet maturation and absence of normal microtubular elements
|
• increased number of small, immature alpha-granules per platelet
|
• at 10 to 17 weeks of age, show a 20-fold reduction in platelet numbers
• however, at weaning platelet numbers are normal
|
• at 10 to 17 weeks of age, show a 3-fold increase in platelet volume
|
• at 6 to 10 weeks of age, greatly enlarged platelets are present in peripheral blood smears
|
• 2-fold reduction in the numbers of white blood cells
|
• twice the number of reticulocytes
|
• increase in red blood cell fragility
|
• a decrease in the platelet activation response by 11 weeks of age
|
• at 11 weeks of age, have impaired platelet aggregation
|
homeostasis/metabolism
• a decrease in the platelet activation response by 11 weeks of age
|
• at 11 weeks of age, have impaired platelet aggregation
|
• plasma levels of plant sterols including free and esterified sitosterol, stigmasterol, brassicasterol, and campesterol are significantly elevated
|
• esterified cholesterol levels are decreased to one-half those found in plasma from littermates, although free cholesterol levels do not differ
|
• greatly increased bleeding times following amputation of the tail tip
|
cardiovascular system
• multifocal myocardial fibrosis
|
behavior/neurological
• at 12 weeks of age
|
growth/size/body
• at 12 weeks of age
|
immune system
• increase in the percentage of neutrophils
|
• 2-fold reduction in the numbers of white blood cells
|
muscle
cellular
• bone marrow and spleen megakaryocytes most commonly underwent only one endomitosis to a ploidy of 4N
|