cardiovascular system
• all spontaneously develop atherosclerotic plaques in the proximal aorta, even on a regular diet
|
• an atherogenic diet, high in fat and cholesterol, exacerbates development of atherosclerosis
|
homeostasis/metabolism
• delay in clearance of beta-migrating VLDL particles
(J:48565)
• accumulation of beta-VLDL particles in plasma; more than 65% of the total cholesterol is in the VLDL-intermediate density lipoprotein range
(J:48565)
• beta-VLDL particles are highly enriched in cholesterol ester and have a VLDL cholesterol-to-triglyceride ratio of 0.76 compared with 0.03 in Apoetm2(APOE)Mae homozygotes
(J:48565)
• unable to clear VLDL from plasma completely 4 hours post-injection
(J:67282)
|
• develop type III hyperlipoproteinemia, even on a low low-fat and low-cholesterol diet
(J:48565)
|
• plasma cholesterol levels are 2-3 times those of controls, however HDL cholesterol levels are no different from controls
(J:48565)
|
• plasma triglyceride levels are 2-3 times those of controls
(J:48565)
|
• develop hyperlipidemia, even on a low-fat and low-cholesterol diet
• an atherogenic diet, high in fat and cholesterol, exacerbates the hyperlipidemia
|
• an atherogenic diet, high in fat and cholesterol, exacerbates development of xanthomas; the atherogenic diet causes swelling of the carpi, paws, and periorbital area and a dramatic deposition of lipid under the skin
|
liver/biliary system
N |
• livers of mutants on the atherogenic diet appear normal compared to wild-type which are enlarged and pale, indicating protection of hepatocytes from fatty changes
|
pigmentation
• aged (65-127 weeks) mutants fed a high-fat diet exhibit retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) changes such as RPE vacuolization, RPE mottling, including hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation and Bruch's membrane thickening
• aged mutants fed a high-fat diet exhibit accumulation of deposits between the RPE and Bruch's membrane of varying thickness and RPE basal infoldings that are disorganized or absent
|
vision/eye
• aged (65-127 weeks) mutants fed a high-fat diet exhibit retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) changes such as RPE vacuolization, RPE mottling, including hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation and Bruch's membrane thickening
• aged mutants fed a high-fat diet exhibit accumulation of deposits between the RPE and Bruch's membrane of varying thickness and RPE basal infoldings that are disorganized or absent
|
• thickening of Bruch's membrane
|