mortality/aging
• embryos die after failing to undergo compaction
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embryo
• E1.5 embryos cultured in vitro do not form blastocysts, unlike wild type embryos
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• E1.5 embryos cultured in vitro start to decompact and die after 72 hours of culture
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• development is arrested at the compacted morula stage at E2.5
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• 50% reduction in total cell number
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• embryos have not formed a blastocoel cavity by E3.5
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growth/size/body
• 50% reduction in total cell number
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cellular
• embryos have few ribosomes, polyribosomes, and rough endoplasmic reticulum
• greatly enlarged secretory vesicles are seen in embryos
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• decreased number of ribosomes
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• embryos exhibit severe reduction in cell proliferation before blastocyst formation
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