reproductive system
• residual sperm was either immotile or exhibited uncoordinated mobility
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• greater than a 1000-fold decrease in spermatozoa-like cells
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• tail defects were observed in less than 50% of the immotile sperm
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• observed spermatozoa-like cells exhibited either round heads, blunted acrosomes with misattached flagellum, gaps in detached acrosomes, or pinhead morphology
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• impaired spermatid differentiation
• loss of spermatids due to premature shedding into the lumen and increased cellular death
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cellular
• tail defects were observed in less than 50% of the immotile sperm
|
• observed spermatozoa-like cells exhibited either round heads, blunted acrosomes with misattached flagellum, gaps in detached acrosomes, or pinhead morphology
|
• impaired spermatid differentiation
• loss of spermatids due to premature shedding into the lumen and increased cellular death
|
• residual sperm was either immotile or exhibited uncoordinated mobility
|