mortality/aging
• none survive beyond 10 days after birth
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• 75% of mice die in the first day after birth
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digestive/alimentary system
• increase in gastric epithelial proliferation and a decrease in gastric epithelial apoptosis in newborns
• gastric epithelial cells are less sensitive to the growth-inhibitory effect of TGF-beta than wild-type cells
• gastric epithelial cells are resistant to the apoptosis-inducing action of TGF-beta
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• hyperplasia of the stomach mucosa due to increased proliferation and suppressed apoptosis in epithelial cells
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• stomach mucosa is about twice as thick as in wild-type mice
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homeostasis/metabolism
• blood sugar levels are very low
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