Analysis Tools
pigmentation
|
• contact between retinal pigment epithelium and outer segments of photoreceptors disrupted on a vitamin A deficient diet
|
endocrine/exocrine glands
 |
• sloughing of immature germ cells after 14 weeks on a vitamin A deficient diet
|
|
|
• irregular vacuoles in the epithelium
|
|
|
• tubules reduced in size by 23 weeks
• contain only Sertoli cells
|
growth/size/body
|
• on a vitamin A deficient diet growth was slower from 5 weeks to 12 weeks of age and then stopped
|
hematopoietic system
|
• marked expansion of entire granulocyte population when vitamin A is deficient
|
|
• increased neutrophil numbers in spleen and blood
|
homeostasis/metabolism
|
• serum levels of retinol stay stable on a vitamin A deficient diet until liver levels drop very low
|
|
• uptake by liver about half normal rate
• turnover time about 6X less than normal
|
immune system
|
• marked expansion of entire granulocyte population when vitamin A is deficient
|
|
• increased neutrophil numbers in spleen and blood
|
liver/biliary system
|
• fewer and smaller fat droplets in hepatic stellate cells
|
|
• retinyl palmitate stores in the liver are rapidly depleted on a vitamin A deficient diet
|
reproductive system
|
|
• sloughing of immature germ cells after 14 weeks on a vitamin A deficient diet
|
|
|
• irregular vacuoles in the epithelium
|
|
|
• tubules reduced in size by 23 weeks
• contain only Sertoli cells
|
vision/eye
|
• outer segments distorted due to swelling of lamellar disks when vitamin A deficient
|
|
• contact between retinal pigment epithelium and outer segments of photoreceptors disrupted on a vitamin A deficient diet
|
|
• electroretinogram response dramatically reduced when vitamin A deficient
• "a and b wave" amplitudes are decreased and latency is increased
|
|
• under vitamin A deficient conditions, dark adaptation is delayed 2X
|
nervous system
|
• outer segments distorted due to swelling of lamellar disks when vitamin A deficient
|
