Analysis Tools
mortality/aging
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• most male homozygotes die between 2.5 and 4.5 months of age, with no male surviving past 6 months of age
• in contrast, all female homozygotes survive up to at least 4-10 months of age
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• although homozygotes are born at the expected Mendelian frequencies, ~55% of them die within 2 days after birth
• however, most of the homozygotes that survive the critical neonatal period develop normally
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growth/size/body
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• at birth, homozygotes show a visible growth defect and are significantly smaller than wild-type neonates
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• at birth, homozygotes weigh ~20% to 40% less than wild-type and heterozygous littermates
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• the size reduction observed at birth persists throughout postnatal development with proportionate body features
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behavior/neurological
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• many homozygotes remain without milk in their stomachs several hours after birth
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• some female homozygotes exhibit occasional epileptic seizures
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limbs/digits/tail
kinked tail
(
J:46788
)
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• newborn homozygotes exhibit a distinct bend in the middle of the tail that disappears within a few days after birth
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nervous system
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• some female homozygotes exhibit occasional epileptic seizures
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reproductive system
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• only 1 of 3 male homozygotes mated with wild-type females produce a litter
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pigmentation
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• ~10% of homozygotes display one or two spots of unpigmented fur on the belly
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integument
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• ~10% of homozygotes display one or two spots of unpigmented fur on the belly
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