nervous system
• neurons throughout the CNS display large filamentous aggregates (inclusions), resembling Lewy bodies
• nearly all hippocampal CA1 neurons contain inclusions (type I - devoid of cellular organelles)
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• nearly all Purkinje cells contain inclusions (Type II - containing trapped cellular organelles)
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• in 14-month old mice, number of myelinated fibers in ventral roots is reduced compared to controls (6208 vs 8134)
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• in CNS and PNS of mature transgenic mice, axons are of lower caliber than in controls; few if any have caliber typical of large motor neurons in ventral roots
• at P5, axon calibers are noticeably smaller than normal
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• perikarya (cell bodies) of neurons display large filamentous aggregates that increase in volume with age
• by P5, they displace cytoplasm and organelles into two thin shells, one applied to the cytoplasmic membrane, the other to the nuclear membrane
• filaments are densely packed in most regions, but some contain mitochondria and other organelles trapped within network
• average diameter is 9.2 nm with interfilament distance of ~26 nm
• motor interneurons display filamentous aggregates
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• degenerating fibers are encountered with significantly higher frequency than in non-transgenic mice
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• Purkinje cells with type II inclusions begin to degenerate at ~1 year of age and are eliminated by 18 months of age
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• ventral spinal roots of mice from P5 to 3 months of age have few neurofilament profiles
• axonal neurofilaments are rarely seen in any tract or nerve
• axonal microtubules are densely packed and more numerous than in wild-type axons
• ventral roots exhibit increased inter-fiber spacing with age, and usually contain one or two degenerating fibers
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• in peripheral nervous system (PNS) of 3 month old mice, myelin sheaths are much thicker (hypermyelination)
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vision/eye
• levels of NF-J and alpha-internexin are reduced to less than 25% of wild-type
• in retina containing the cell bodies of retinal ganglion cells, accumulations of NF-L and alpha-internexin protein develop
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