mortality/aging
• about 50% of homozygotes die before weaning
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growth/size/body
• seen in animals that die before weaning
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skeleton
• from homozygous mothers, pups show unmineralized osteoid matrix accumulating at sites of intra-membranous ossifications, calvaria, mandible, clavicle, periosteal bone of long bones
• osteogenesis is normal in homozygous pups from heterozygous mothers
• supplementation of homozygous mothers with 24R,25 dihydroxyvitamin D results in normal calvaria and periosteal bone in pups, mandible and clavicle remain abnormal
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homeostasis/metabolism
• extreme hypercalcemia seen in runted animals that die before weaning
• pregnant homozygous females develop hypercalcemia
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• pregnant homozygous females develop hypercalciuria
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• lower than normal circulating levels of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D, deficient clearance
• elevated levels of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D in pregnant females
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renal/urinary system
• pregnant homozygous females develop hypercalciuria
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• mineralization and necrosis develops after chronic administration of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D
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• cortical tubular dilation develops after chronic administration of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D
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reproductive system
N |
• mice surviving to adulthood are fertile
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