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Phenotypes associated with this allele
Allele Symbol
Allele Name
Allele ID
Hdctm1Nagy
targeted mutation 1, Andras Nagy
MGI:2182618
Summary 4 genotypes
Jump to Allelic Composition Genetic Background Genotype ID
hm1
Hdctm1Nagy/Hdctm1Nagy B6.129-Hdctm1Nagy MGI:3620683
hm2
Hdctm1Nagy/Hdctm1Nagy involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ MGI:3620632
hm3
Hdctm1Nagy/Hdctm1Nagy involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * CD-1 MGI:3620641
ht4
Hdctm1Nagy/Hdc+ involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ MGI:5697374


Genotype
MGI:3620683
hm1
Allelic
Composition
Hdctm1Nagy/Hdctm1Nagy
Genetic
Background
B6.129-Hdctm1Nagy
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Hdctm1Nagy mutation (0 available); any Hdc mutation (53 available)
phenotype observed in females
phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
behavior/neurological
• male null animals show an age-dependent impaired spatial memory retention compared to age-matched controls (J:105032)
• females show impairments in spatial learning and memory in the water-maze test compared to age-matched controls (J:106034)
• female null animals show enhanced emotional memory retention in passive avoidance training compared to wild-type
• male null mice spend less time exploring than control mice; 3-5 month old null mice show reduced levels of novel object recognition than aged-matched controls or older null animals and age-matched controls
• young male null mice show enhanced spatial learning in water-maze tests compared to age-matched controls
• 3-5 month old male null mice show more anxiety-like behavior and move less than age-matched wild-type mice assessed by time spent in the center in an open field test; 12-14 month old mice null mice show increased anxiety-like responses also, but these are somewhat lower than the response of young null animals (J:105032)
• in a light-dark test, male null mice move less and show more anxiety-like behavior than wild-type (as measured by increased time spent in the dark); older mice show reduced anxiety-like behavior than young ones (J:105032)
• 3-5 month old female null mice show more anxiety-like behavior and move less than age-matched wild-type mice assessed by time spent in the center in an open field test; 12-14 month old mice null mice show similar increased anxiety-like responses (J:106034)
• in a light-dark test, young and older female null mice move less and show more anxiety-like behavior than wild-type (as measured by increased time spent in the dark) (J:106034)
• in an elevated plus-maze, older null females move less and show less total maze-arm entries than age matched controls (J:106034)




Genotype
MGI:3620632
hm2
Allelic
Composition
Hdctm1Nagy/Hdctm1Nagy
Genetic
Background
involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Hdctm1Nagy mutation (0 available); any Hdc mutation (53 available)
phenotype observed in females
phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
behavior/neurological
N
• mice show normal baseline locomotion, exploratory rearing, and center occupancy in the open field, and no evident spontaneous motor stereotypies or altered anxiety in the elevated plus maze or in the open field
• locomotor activation is attenuated after amphetamine administration and mutants become immobile after a high dose of amphetamine
• mutants show increased motor stereotypies compared to controls after amphetamine administration, consisting of repetitive focused sniffing and orofacial movements
• pretreatment with haloperidol, a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, attenuates the stereotypies induced by amphetamine
• mice infused with histamine intracerebroventricularly immediately before administration of amphetamine show delayed and reduced amplitude of stereotypy
• mutants exhibit less paw-licking behavior (correlated with lowered pain sensitivity) in mutants compared with wild-type in response to subcutaneous injection of capsaicin or formalin
• intrathecal injection of histamine shortened the latency of the tail-flick test in null mice compared to wild-type; i.t. injection of a tachykinin NK1 receptor antagonist significantly inhibited histamine-related nociceptive behaviors in null mice
• the latency to respond to tail pressure is significantly longer in mutants compared to wild-type
• in hot-late, tail-flick and paw-withdrawal tests, the latency to respond to thermal stimuli is significantly prolongedin mutants compared to wild-type

homeostasis/metabolism
• increase in striatal dopamine concentrations during the dark phase
• histamine infusion reduces levels of striatal dopamine

immune system
• mutant mast cells show pale and sparse granules compared to wild-type cells when stained with toluidine blue
• numbers of mast cells in examined mesenterial membrane preparations from mutants are decreased by 55% compared to wild-type; numbers of mast cells in mutants are decreased in peritoneal cell suspensions as well
• tissue histamine levels is almost zero in various organs except for the brain; mast cells in mutants have reduced granular content
• the amount of granular protease in mast cells is decreased in mutants

nervous system
• mice exhibit higher dopamine D2 and D3 receptor density in the substantia nigra than controls
• striatal histamine concentrations are reduced
• mice exhibit a reduction in dopamine D2 and D3 receptor density in the dorsal striatum
• mice exhibit a deficit in auditory PPI at three prepulse intensities

hematopoietic system
• mutant mast cells show pale and sparse granules compared to wild-type cells when stained with toluidine blue
• numbers of mast cells in examined mesenterial membrane preparations from mutants are decreased by 55% compared to wild-type; numbers of mast cells in mutants are decreased in peritoneal cell suspensions as well
• tissue histamine levels is almost zero in various organs except for the brain; mast cells in mutants have reduced granular content
• the amount of granular protease in mast cells is decreased in mutants

Mouse Models of Human Disease
DO ID OMIM ID(s) Ref(s)
Gilles de la Tourette syndrome DOID:11119 OMIM:137580
J:220412




Genotype
MGI:3620641
hm3
Allelic
Composition
Hdctm1Nagy/Hdctm1Nagy
Genetic
Background
involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * CD-1
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Hdctm1Nagy mutation (0 available); any Hdc mutation (53 available)
phenotype observed in females
phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
growth/size/body
• males over 3 weeks of age are dramatically overweight compared with wild-type males
• up to 10 weeks of age, weights of male nulls are indistinguishable from wild-type males; after 16 weeks, nulls weigh 13 % more than controlx and the difference increases with age
• during a 7 day test period, male nulls aged 13 weeks gained more weight and had a higher caloric efficiency than wild-type controls

homeostasis/metabolism
• after fasting, insulin levels in mutant mice remain higher than in wild-type
• circulating leptin levels are significantly higher in null animals; following overnight fast serum leptin levels are reduced in wild-type controls and remain unchanged in mutants
• when fasted mice are challenged at 4 celsius, null males have impaired ability to metabolize energy stores and their core temperature drops by almost 4 degrees compared to a drop of 1.34 degrees in wild-type animals by the end of a 90-minute test period
• after i.p. injection of glucose, blood glucose levels in adult null mice are significantly higher than in wild-type littermates; maximal differences in blood glucose concentrations (30-32%) are detected at 30 and 60 minutes post injection

adipose tissue
• mutant males show a selective increase of the interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) fat pads
• mutant males show a selective increase of the epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT) fat pads
• the average size of epididymal WAT adipocytes is larger in null males
• males have increased size of epididymal fat pads
• males have increased size of interscapular fat pads

nervous system
• brains of null animals have no detectable histamine-containing neurons and fibers




Genotype
MGI:5697374
ht4
Allelic
Composition
Hdctm1Nagy/Hdc+
Genetic
Background
involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Hdctm1Nagy mutation (0 available); any Hdc mutation (53 available)
phenotype observed in females
phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
behavior/neurological
N
• mice show normal baseline locomotion, exploratory rearing, and center occupancy in the open field, and no evident spontaneous motor stereotypies
• locomotor activation is attenuated after amphetamine administration
• mutants show increased motor stereotypies compared to controls after a high dose of amphetamine administration, consisting of repetitive focused sniffing and orofacial movements
• pretreatment with haloperidol, a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, eliminates the stereotypies induced by amphetamine
• mice infused with histamine intracerebroventricularly immediately before administration of amphetamine show delayed and reduced amplitude of stereotypy

nervous system
• mice exhibit higher dopamine D2 and D3 receptor density in the substantia nigra than controls
• mice exhibit a reduction in dopamine D2 and D3 receptor density in the dorsal striatum
• mice exhibit a deficit in auditory PPI at three prepulse intensities

Mouse Models of Human Disease
DO ID OMIM ID(s) Ref(s)
Gilles de la Tourette syndrome DOID:11119 OMIM:137580
J:220412





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last database update
10/29/2024
MGI 6.24
The Jackson Laboratory