All Phenotypes Hdc<tm1Nagy> MGI Mouse

Phenotypes associated with this allele

Jump to	Allelic Composition	Genetic Background	Genotype ID
hm1	Hdc^tm1Nagy/Hdc^tm1Nagy	B6.129-Hdc^tm1Nagy	MGI:3620683
hm2	Hdc^tm1Nagy/Hdc^tm1Nagy	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:3620632
hm3	Hdc^tm1Nagy/Hdc^tm1Nagy	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * CD-1	MGI:3620641
ht4	Hdc^tm1Nagy/Hdc⁺	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:5697374

Allelic Composition	Hdc^tm1Nagy/Hdc^tm1Nagy
Genetic Background	B6.129-Hdc^tm1Nagy

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Hdc^tm1Nagy mutation (0 available); any Hdc mutation (53 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

behavior/neurological

abnormal learning/memory/conditioning ( J:105032 , J:106034 )

• male null animals show an age-dependent impaired spatial memory retention compared to age-matched controls (J:105032)

• females show impairments in spatial learning and memory in the water-maze test compared to age-matched controls (J:106034)

abnormal passive avoidance behavior ( J:106034 )

• female null animals show enhanced emotional memory retention in passive avoidance training compared to wild-type

decreased exploration in new environment ( J:105032 )

• male null mice spend less time exploring than control mice; 3-5 month old null mice show reduced levels of novel object recognition than aged-matched controls or older null animals and age-matched controls

abnormal spatial learning ( J:105032 )

• young male null mice show enhanced spatial learning in water-maze tests compared to age-matched controls

increased anxiety-related response ( J:105032 , J:106034 )

• 3-5 month old male null mice show more anxiety-like behavior and move less than age-matched wild-type mice assessed by time spent in the center in an open field test; 12-14 month old mice null mice show increased anxiety-like responses also, but these are somewhat lower than the response of young null animals (J:105032)

• in a light-dark test, male null mice move less and show more anxiety-like behavior than wild-type (as measured by increased time spent in the dark); older mice show reduced anxiety-like behavior than young ones (J:105032)

• 3-5 month old female null mice show more anxiety-like behavior and move less than age-matched wild-type mice assessed by time spent in the center in an open field test; 12-14 month old mice null mice show similar increased anxiety-like responses (J:106034)

• in a light-dark test, young and older female null mice move less and show more anxiety-like behavior than wild-type (as measured by increased time spent in the dark) (J:106034)

• in an elevated plus-maze, older null females move less and show less total maze-arm entries than age matched controls (J:106034)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

behavior/neurological

behavior/neurological phenotype ( J:220412 )

N	• mice show normal baseline locomotion, exploratory rearing, and center occupancy in the open field, and no evident spontaneous motor stereotypies or altered anxiety in the elevated plus maze or in the open field

abnormal behavioral response to amphetamine ( J:220412 )

• locomotor activation is attenuated after amphetamine administration and mutants become immobile after a high dose of amphetamine

• mutants show increased motor stereotypies compared to controls after amphetamine administration, consisting of repetitive focused sniffing and orofacial movements

• pretreatment with haloperidol, a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, attenuates the stereotypies induced by amphetamine

• mice infused with histamine intracerebroventricularly immediately before administration of amphetamine show delayed and reduced amplitude of stereotypy

increased chemical nociceptive threshold ( J:106399 )

• mutants exhibit less paw-licking behavior (correlated with lowered pain sensitivity) in mutants compared with wild-type in response to subcutaneous injection of capsaicin or formalin

• intrathecal injection of histamine shortened the latency of the tail-flick test in null mice compared to wild-type; i.t. injection of a tachykinin NK1 receptor antagonist significantly inhibited histamine-related nociceptive behaviors in null mice

abnormal mechanical nociception ( J:106399 )

• the latency to respond to tail pressure is significantly longer in mutants compared to wild-type

increased thermal nociceptive threshold ( J:106399 )

• in hot-late, tail-flick and paw-withdrawal tests, the latency to respond to thermal stimuli is significantly prolongedin mutants compared to wild-type

homeostasis/metabolism

increased dopamine level ( J:220412 )

• increase in striatal dopamine concentrations during the dark phase

• histamine infusion reduces levels of striatal dopamine

immune system

abnormal mast cell morphology ( J:70702 )

• mutant mast cells show pale and sparse granules compared to wild-type cells when stained with toluidine blue

decreased mast cell number ( J:70702 )

• numbers of mast cells in examined mesenterial membrane preparations from mutants are decreased by 55% compared to wild-type; numbers of mast cells in mutants are decreased in peritoneal cell suspensions as well

decreased mast cell histamine storage ( J:70702 )

• tissue histamine levels is almost zero in various organs except for the brain; mast cells in mutants have reduced granular content

decreased mast cell protease storage ( J:70702 )

• the amount of granular protease in mast cells is decreased in mutants

nervous system

abnormal substantia nigra morphology ( J:220412 )

• mice exhibit higher dopamine D2 and D3 receptor density in the substantia nigra than controls

abnormal striatum morphology ( J:220412 )

• striatal histamine concentrations are reduced

• mice exhibit a reduction in dopamine D2 and D3 receptor density in the dorsal striatum

decreased prepulse inhibition ( J:220412 )

• mice exhibit a deficit in auditory PPI at three prepulse intensities

hematopoietic system

abnormal mast cell morphology ( J:70702 )

• mutant mast cells show pale and sparse granules compared to wild-type cells when stained with toluidine blue

decreased mast cell number ( J:70702 )

decreased mast cell histamine storage ( J:70702 )

• tissue histamine levels is almost zero in various organs except for the brain; mast cells in mutants have reduced granular content

decreased mast cell protease storage ( J:70702 )

• the amount of granular protease in mast cells is decreased in mutants

Mouse Models of Human Disease		DO ID	OMIM ID(s)	Ref(s)
Gilles de la Tourette syndrome		DOID:11119	OMIM:137580	J:220412

Allelic Composition	Hdc^tm1Nagy/Hdc^tm1Nagy
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * CD-1

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Hdc^tm1Nagy mutation (0 available); any Hdc mutation (53 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

growth/size/body

obese ( J:85774 )

• males over 3 weeks of age are dramatically overweight compared with wild-type males

increased susceptibility to weight gain ( J:85774 )

• up to 10 weeks of age, weights of male nulls are indistinguishable from wild-type males; after 16 weeks, nulls weigh 13 % more than controlx and the difference increases with age

• during a 7 day test period, male nulls aged 13 weeks gained more weight and had a higher caloric efficiency than wild-type controls

homeostasis/metabolism

increased circulating insulin level ( J:85774 )

• after fasting, insulin levels in mutant mice remain higher than in wild-type

increased circulating leptin level ( J:85774 )

• circulating leptin levels are significantly higher in null animals; following overnight fast serum leptin levels are reduced in wild-type controls and remain unchanged in mutants

abnormal energy expenditure ( J:85774 )

• when fasted mice are challenged at 4 celsius, null males have impaired ability to metabolize energy stores and their core temperature drops by almost 4 degrees compared to a drop of 1.34 degrees in wild-type animals by the end of a 90-minute test period

impaired glucose tolerance ( J:85774 )

• after i.p. injection of glucose, blood glucose levels in adult null mice are significantly higher than in wild-type littermates; maximal differences in blood glucose concentrations (30-32%) are detected at 30 and 60 minutes post injection

adipose tissue

increased brown adipose tissue amount ( J:85774 )

• mutant males show a selective increase of the interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) fat pads

increased white adipose tissue amount ( J:85774 )

• mutant males show a selective increase of the epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT) fat pads

increased white fat cell size ( J:85774 )

• the average size of epididymal WAT adipocytes is larger in null males

increased epididymal fat pad weight ( J:85774 )

• males have increased size of epididymal fat pads

increased interscapular fat pad weight ( J:85774 )

• males have increased size of interscapular fat pads

nervous system

abnormal brain morphology ( J:85774 )

• brains of null animals have no detectable histamine-containing neurons and fibers

Allelic Composition	Hdc^tm1Nagy/Hdc⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Hdc^tm1Nagy mutation (0 available); any Hdc mutation (53 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

behavior/neurological

behavior/neurological phenotype ( J:220412 )

N	• mice show normal baseline locomotion, exploratory rearing, and center occupancy in the open field, and no evident spontaneous motor stereotypies

abnormal behavioral response to amphetamine ( J:220412 )

• locomotor activation is attenuated after amphetamine administration

• mutants show increased motor stereotypies compared to controls after a high dose of amphetamine administration, consisting of repetitive focused sniffing and orofacial movements

• pretreatment with haloperidol, a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, eliminates the stereotypies induced by amphetamine

• mice infused with histamine intracerebroventricularly immediately before administration of amphetamine show delayed and reduced amplitude of stereotypy

nervous system

abnormal substantia nigra morphology ( J:220412 )

• mice exhibit higher dopamine D2 and D3 receptor density in the substantia nigra than controls

abnormal striatum morphology ( J:220412 )

• mice exhibit a reduction in dopamine D2 and D3 receptor density in the dorsal striatum

decreased prepulse inhibition ( J:220412 )

• mice exhibit a deficit in auditory PPI at three prepulse intensities

Mouse Models of Human Disease		DO ID	OMIM ID(s)	Ref(s)
Gilles de la Tourette syndrome		DOID:11119	OMIM:137580	J:220412

Contributing Projects: Mouse Genome Database (MGD), Gene Expression Database (GXD), Mouse Models of Human Cancer database (MMHCdb) (formerly Mouse Tumor Biology (MTB)), Gene Ontology (GO)
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