mortality/aging
• normal ratio of homozygotes present up to E13.5 but no viable embryos after E14.5
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liver/biliary system
• although liver size was normal and there were no indications of apoptosis, liver damage was present at E13.5
• severe liver necrosis at E14.5 with diffuse bleeding and generalized edema in the only surviving embryo examined at E14.5
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cellular
• increased susceptibility of embryo fibroblasts to cadmium and hydrogen peroxide
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