mortality/aging
• homozygous mice are born at less than half the expected frequency
|
growth/size/body
• homozygotes are slightly smaller than wild-type or heterozygous littermates
|
• livers of 5 week old null mice are 50% larger than that of normal littermates; nulls develop central lobular hyperplasia, with degeneration of individual hepatocytes obvious at 12 weeks
|
homeostasis/metabolism
hyperglycemia
(
J:47008
)
• 2 weeks after birth nulls develop hyperglycemia; null mice develop diabetes by 2 weeks of age
|
• at 5 and 12 weeks, the circulating insulin levels in null mice are 60% of levels in heterozygotes
|
• levels of insulin-like growth factor I in the blood of null mice are only 20-30% that of control mice
|
• at 5 weeks of age, GH levels in null mice are 100 times and 45 times higher than those in control female and male mice
|
• 6 week old null mice have urine glucose levels 330x higher than heterozygotes
|
• cholesterol levels are higher in nulls than in heterozygotes
|
behavior/neurological
• null males show no mating behavior when paired with wild-type or null females
|
endocrine/exocrine glands
• the amount of insulin peptide and insulin-secreting cells in null mice are severely reduced
|
• the insulin-secreting cells in null mice are severely reduced
|
reproductive system
• reproductive organs in both sexes are underdeveloped in null animals
|
• null males have significantly reduced spermatogenesis
|
infertility
(
J:47008
)
• null mice of both sexes are infertile
|
renal/urinary system
• 6 week old null mice have urine glucose levels 330x higher than heterozygotes
|
• null mice urinate more frequently than normal mice and diuresis is twice the control level
|
liver/biliary system
• livers of 5 week old null mice are 50% larger than that of normal littermates; nulls develop central lobular hyperplasia, with degeneration of individual hepatocytes obvious at 12 weeks
|
• hepatocytes from null mice are highly vacuolated and seemed to have an abnormal accumulation of complex carbohydrates
|
Mouse Models of Human Disease |
DO ID | OMIM ID(s) | Ref(s) | |
maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 3 | DOID:0111102 |
OMIM:600496 |
J:47008 | |
type 2 diabetes mellitus | DOID:9352 |
OMIM:125853 OMIM:601283 OMIM:601407 OMIM:603694 OMIM:608036 |
J:47008 |