mortality/aging
• no viable embryos are found beyond E12.5
|
cardiovascular system
• sarcomere organization is disrupted in hearts
|
• exhibit less constriction in the atrial ventricular canal
at E10.5
|
• ventricular wall is hypoplastic with fewer trabeculae, ventricular wall compact layer is thinner, and cellular wall expansion is blocked
|
• intraventricular septation is less developed
|
• exhibit poorly developed intraventricular groove at E10.5
|
• dilated pericardial walls at E10.25
|
• seen at E10.25
|
• show severe pericardial effusion at E11.5
|
• lose rhythmic beating between E10.5 and E11.5
|
embryo
• some embryos arrest at the heart-looping stage (around E10.5-11.5)
|
muscle
• sarcomere organization is disrupted in hearts
|
homeostasis/metabolism
• show severe pericardial effusion at E11.5
|
cellular