mortality/aging
• no mice survive to one month of age
|
• most mice die by the first day after birth
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skeleton
• at E16.5, mineralization is observed in the hind skull unlike in wild-type mice
|
• at E12.5
|
• no chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation occurs in the humerus
|
• ribs are characterized by inadequate orientation, size, and shape unlike in wild-type mice
• proximal ribs are severely misshapen compared to in wild-type mice
|
short ribs
(
J:149225
)
• at E16.5, ribs are thicker and shorter than normal
|
• at E16.5, chondrocytes in the nasal septum and endochondral bone dedifferentiate unlike in wild-type mice
|
• at E12.5, the axial skeleton contains patchy and irregular cartilaginous structures that do not organize in vertebrae unlike in wild-type mice
• no chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation occurs in the humerus
• no cartilaginous primordial of the pelvic bone are observed unlike in wild-type mice
• based on marker expression, differentiation of skeletal precursors in long bones and vertebrae is inhibited while osteoblastogenesis in the proximal ribs is enhanced
|
• osteoblastogenesis in the proximal ribs is enhanced
|
• mice fail to develop a cartilaginous molds of both the mandibles and occipital bone unlike in wild-type mice
|
• at E16.5, mineralization of proximal ribs is enhanced compared to in wild-type mice
• at E16.5, mineralization is observed in the hind skull unlike in wild-type mice
|
• all endochondral bones are misshaped and lack structural integrity unlike in wild-type mice
|
limbs/digits/tail
• forelimbs are severely truncated with distorted cartilage rudiments unlike in wild-type mice
• distal forelimb structures are agenetic and replaced with irregular cartilaginous structure
|
• no chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation occurs in the humerus
|
• forelimbs are severely truncated
|
• severely truncated and fail to form bone
|
• hindlimbs are severely truncated
|
• at E12.5, mice display limb outgrowth abnormalities
|
growth/size/body
• at E14.5 and E16.5, the abdominal cavity is open unlike in wild-type mice
|
• at E14.5 and E16.5, the thoracic cavity is open unlike in wild-type mice
• the thoracic basket fails to form
|
• at E14.5 and E16.5
|
• at E14.5 and E16.5
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craniofacial
• at E14.5 and E16.5
|
• at E16.5, mineralization is observed in the hind skull unlike in wild-type mice
|
• at E12.5
|
integument
blistering
(
J:149225
)
• at E14.5 and at E16.5, mice develop large skin blisters especially on dorso-lumbar regions unlike in wild-type mice
|
cellular
• osteoblastogenesis in the proximal ribs is enhanced
|