mortality/aging
• transthoracic arotic banding results in a significant increase in mortality (70%) versus wild-type (10%)
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cardiovascular system
• increase in the numbers of mitochondria and vacuoles in cardiomyoctyes, however cytoskeletal ultrastructure is unchanged
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• increase in apoptosis in the ventricles
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• decrease in LV septal thickness
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• decrease in LV posterior wall thickness
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• mutants display relatively normal function at 6 weeks of age and progressively acquire features of cardiomyopathy over a 6-month period
• exhibit ventricular enlargement of both the left and right cardiac chambers and a marked increase in heart:body weight ratio
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• decrease in fractional shortening, velocity of circumferential fiber shortening and a reduction of the maximum first derivative of left ventricle pressure, indicating depressed myocardium contractility, however no differences in heart rate or left ventricle end-diastolic pressure
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• reduction in left ventricle dP/dt min indicates impaired left ventricle relaxation
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muscle
• increase in the numbers of mitochondria and vacuoles in cardiomyoctyes, however cytoskeletal ultrastructure is unchanged
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• mutants display relatively normal function at 6 weeks of age and progressively acquire features of cardiomyopathy over a 6-month period
• exhibit ventricular enlargement of both the left and right cardiac chambers and a marked increase in heart:body weight ratio
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• decrease in fractional shortening, velocity of circumferential fiber shortening and a reduction of the maximum first derivative of left ventricle pressure, indicating depressed myocardium contractility, however no differences in heart rate or left ventricle end-diastolic pressure
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• reduction in left ventricle dP/dt min indicates impaired left ventricle relaxation
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