behavior/neurological
• under normal conditions, homozygotes exhibit a slightly higher water intake relative to wild-type
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• under normal conditions, homozygotes exhibit a slightly higher food intake relative to wild-type
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growth/size/body
• homozygotes are viable, fertile and normal in most parameters measured, but are ~15% smaller than wild-type mice
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homeostasis/metabolism
N |
• homozygotes show normal Na+ and K+ plasma concentrations, aldosterone levels, and osmolality under both normal and high-K+ rations
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• in homozygotes, a high-KCl diet increases K+ intake by about 13-fold, with no alteration in Na+ intake
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• homozygotes display a defect in K+ secretion when K+ loading is combined with the inhibition of NaCl absorption by furosemide
• under these conditions, 44% of homozygotes die within 10 days while the rest become hyperkalemic
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renal/urinary system
• under K+ loading, homozygotes show a significant elevation in GFR; however, fractional excretion rates of Na+ and K+ and fractional reabsorption of water remain normal relative to wild-type
• under Na+ deprivation, increased urine output is transient and not accompanied by significant changes in GFR; in addition, plasma Na+ is significantly reduced
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• homozygotes exhibit a larger volume (2-fold) of urine excretion (and water intake) under conditions of K+ loading or Na+ deprivation
• increased urine excretion (and water intake) is observed during electrolyte stress but not when diuresis is evoked by excessive water intake
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