behavior/neurological
• in an elevated-plus maze, mice enter open arms less (2.4+/-0.08% compared to 8.1+/-2.1% in wild-type mice) and their total entries and rearings are reduced compared to wild-type
• in a dark light box test, mice exhibit a decrease in locomotion (85.7+/-13.6 compared to 148.3+/-11.9 for wild-type mice) and rearing (22.8+/-6.5 compared to 40.2+/-6.2 for wild-type mice)
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• in a light dark box test mice make fewer transitions between the lit and dark compartments (16.5+/-2.3 compared to 26.6+/-1.7 for wild-type mice), make more attempts into the novel units (22.4+/-4.8 compared to 12.3+/-4.2 for wild-type mice, spend less time in the novel compartment (178.8+/-37.7 s compared to 331.7+/-29.9 s for wild-type mice) and spend more time prior to entering the novel compartment (217+/-51.3 s compared to 85.3+/-24.1 s for wild-type mice)
• mice exhibit increase behavioral despair in a swim test compared to wild-type mice
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• rearing in an elevated-plus maze and dark light box test is reduced relative to wild-type mice
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• in an open field test, mice exhibit decreased activity (crossing fewer squares per test session) compared to wild-type mice
• basal locomotion is reduced (3.1+/-0.6 locomoter activity per minute compared to 14.3+/-0.8 locomoter activity per minute in wild-type mice)
• mice exhibit an increased latency to exit the first square (27.3+/-10.6 s compared to 5.4+/-0.9 s in wild-type mice), cross the center less often (1.6+/-0.8 compared to 5.5+/-2.1 in wild-type mice) and avoid the center (1.6+/-0.8% crosses into the center compared to 20.0+/-5.1% crosses into the center for wild-type mice) in an open field test
• however, other motor and coordination behaviors are normal
• during acclimatization to home cages, mice exhibit reduced activity (41.5+/-2.7 mean number of beam breaks per 30 minutes compared to 62.6+/-3.4 mean number of beam breaks per 30 minutes for wild-type mice)
• after acclimatization to a home cage, mice exhibit decreased activity levels during the dark, but not light, phase (dark phase: 46.2+/-3.8 mean number of beam breaks per 30 minutes compared to 67.2+/-4.0 mean number of beam breaks per 30 minutes for wild type mice)after acclimatization to a home cage, mice exhibit decreased activity levels during the dark, but not light, phase (dark phase: 46.2+/-3.8 mean number of beam breaks per 30 minutes compared to 67.2+/-4.0 mean number of beam breaks per 30 minutes for wild-type mice)
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homeostasis/metabolism
• ACTH release per 5 minutes is increased (42+/-3 pg compared to 21+/-3 pg in wild-type mice)
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