mortality/aging
• homozygotes die at ~E9.0-E9.5; embryonic lethality is consistently observed in different genetic backgrounds, including inbred 129X1/SvJ or hybrid backgrounds 129X1/SvJ C57BL/6, 129X1/SvJ Black Swiss, and 129X1/SvJ CD-1
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embryo
• homozygotes fail to grow and develop beyond E8.5-E9.0
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• at E8.5, ~20% of homozygotes exhibit retarded growth and development; however, placental growth and maternal-fetal connections appear normal
• by E9.5, all homozygotes are significantly retarded in size relative to wild-type embryos
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growth/size/body
• at E8.5, ~20% of homozygotes exhibit retarded growth and development; however, placental growth and maternal-fetal connections appear normal
• by E9.5, all homozygotes are significantly retarded in size relative to wild-type embryos
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