nervous system
• some olfactory neurons project to two glomeruli or pass through the glomerular layer and terminate in the external plaxiform instead of terminating in the olfactory bulb glomeruli as in wild-type
• arborizations of some olfactory axons are not restricted to a glomerulus, delimited by the periglomerular cell populations, but extend outside this cellular border
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• Background Sensitivity: after backcrossing to C57BL/6 for 10 generations, mutants exhibit an enlargement of the lateral ventricles
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• mossy fibers invade the CA3 pyramidal cell layer forming a network between the suprapyramidal and infrapyramidal bundles
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• projection pattern of some sensory olfactory neurons is altered in the olfactory bulb
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behavior/neurological
• mutants spend more time (52%) in the central area of the open field test compared to wild-type (36%) and move a shorter total distance, indicating changes in the exploratory behavior or reduced anxiety in novel environment
• mutants show differences in the Morris water maze with respect to the path swimming parallel to the wall and increased swim path tortuosity, absolute spin, and time spent in the center quadrant, indicating altered exploratory behavior, however spatial learning is not impaired
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• mutants spend more time (52%) in the central area of the open field test compared to wild-type (36%) and move a shorter total distance, indicating changes in the exploratory behavior or reduced anxiety in novel environment
• in the elevated plus maze, mutants enter the open arm more often, spend less time in the closed arm, and stay longer in the central part of the maze, however, no difference in the light-dark avoidance test is observed
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craniofacial
• some olfactory neurons project to two glomeruli or pass through the glomerular layer and terminate in the external plaxiform instead of terminating in the olfactory bulb glomeruli as in wild-type
• arborizations of some olfactory axons are not restricted to a glomerulus, delimited by the periglomerular cell populations, but extend outside this cellular border
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respiratory system
• some olfactory neurons project to two glomeruli or pass through the glomerular layer and terminate in the external plaxiform instead of terminating in the olfactory bulb glomeruli as in wild-type
• arborizations of some olfactory axons are not restricted to a glomerulus, delimited by the periglomerular cell populations, but extend outside this cellular border
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taste/olfaction
• some olfactory neurons project to two glomeruli or pass through the glomerular layer and terminate in the external plaxiform instead of terminating in the olfactory bulb glomeruli as in wild-type
• arborizations of some olfactory axons are not restricted to a glomerulus, delimited by the periglomerular cell populations, but extend outside this cellular border
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growth/size/body
• some olfactory neurons project to two glomeruli or pass through the glomerular layer and terminate in the external plaxiform instead of terminating in the olfactory bulb glomeruli as in wild-type
• arborizations of some olfactory axons are not restricted to a glomerulus, delimited by the periglomerular cell populations, but extend outside this cellular border
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