mortality/aging
• homozygotes die between E9.5 and E14.5, with ~50% found dead at E10.5
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cardiovascular system
• at E10.5-E12.5, homozygotes with myocardial necrosis display reduced ventricular trabeculation
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• at E10.5-E12.5, homozygotes exhibit cardiomyocyte necrosis in the atrium and the truncus arteriosus with its following ventricle, with notable eosinophilic debris and cells displaying karyopycnosis and karyorrhexis
• no necrotic alteration is detected in the endocardial cushion or conotruncal ridge
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• at E10.5-E12.5, homozygotes with myocardial necrosis display a thin ventricular wall
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growth/size/body
• at E9.5, homozygotes appear morphologically normal; however, some mutants appear to be growth-retarded by E10.5 and start undergoing resorption
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homeostasis/metabolism
muscle
• at E10.5-E12.5, homozygotes with myocardial necrosis display reduced ventricular trabeculation
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• at E10.5-E12.5, homozygotes exhibit cardiomyocyte necrosis in the atrium and the truncus arteriosus with its following ventricle, with notable eosinophilic debris and cells displaying karyopycnosis and karyorrhexis
• no necrotic alteration is detected in the endocardial cushion or conotruncal ridge
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nervous system
• at E10.5-E11.5, some homozygotes display waviness of the neuroepithelium; these mutants die within 24 hrs (i.e. by E12.5)
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embryo
• at E9.5, homozygotes appear morphologically normal; however, some mutants appear to be growth-retarded by E10.5 and start undergoing resorption
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• at E10.5-E11.5, some homozygotes display waviness of the neuroepithelium; these mutants die within 24 hrs (i.e. by E12.5)
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• dead embryos display coagulation necrosis in all tissues except for the heart
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