mortality/aging
• normal ratio of homozygotes at E8.5-9.5
• no homozygotes after E10.5
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embryo
• embryos normal to E8
• do not undergo turning
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• anterior neural tube fails to close although it continues to grow
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• large invagination of neural epithelium within the primitive streak at E8.5
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• no more than 13 somites form
• reduced trunk and posterior structures
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• tail bud protrudes from the yolk sac at E9.5
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• protrusion of tissue at the base of the allantois starting at E8.75
• often fails to attach to the chorion
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• often
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• often unattached to allantois
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• allantois often fails to attach to the chorion
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nervous system
• anterior neural tube fails to close although it continues to grow
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digestive/alimentary system
• hindgut fails to form
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cardiovascular system
• pericardium is often dilated
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limbs/digits/tail
• tail bud protrudes from the yolk sac at E9.5
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