cellular
• osteoblast activity is reduced, with a 60% reduction in active osteoblast numbers
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skeleton
• bone density is increased, however observe no differences in bone or body size and shape
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• mineral density of femur is about 10% higher than wild-type
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• trabecular bone volume (bone volume per tissue volume) is 2.5-fold higher than in wild-type
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• osteoblast activity is reduced, with a 60% reduction in active osteoblast numbers
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• osteoclast activity is decreased
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• mineral apposition rate and bone formation rate are decreased, however embryonic endochondral bone formation and cartilage development are normal
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• reduction of osteoclast and osteoblast activity resulting in lower bone resorption with respect to bone formation
• more cartilaginous matrix remains in the first spongiosa of tibiae than in wild-type
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homeostasis/metabolism
immune system
• osteoclast activity is decreased
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hematopoietic system
• osteoclast activity is decreased
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