mortality/aging
• no homozygotes survive beyond E13.5
|
growth/size/body
• palatal shelf fails to fuse
|
• growth retardation is seen at E11.5 and E12.5
|
• small size at E12.5
|
embryo
• yolk sac contains fewer blood vessels than wild type
|
• growth retardation is seen at E11.5 and E12.5
|
• small size at E12.5
|
• most of the tortuous vessels in the placenta are enlarged, raptured and generally empty
|
• in the placenta, maternal blood sinuses are generally absent in most areas of the labyrinth zone
|
• trophoblast cell proliferation in the placenta is lower than in wild type
|
• lack an organized spongiotrophoblast layer in the placenta and instead, islands of spongiotrophoblast-like cells dissociate from trophoblast giant cell layer and migrate into the labyrinth zone
|
• nucleated fetal erythroblasts in the placenta have irregular shaped nuclei with little cytoplasm
|
hematopoietic system
• nucleated fetal erythroblasts in the placenta have irregular shaped nuclei with little cytoplasm
|
• embryonic liver shows a decrease in the number of erythroid progenitors
|
cardiovascular system
• embryos show dilated leaking small vessels and few large blood vessels
|
• most of the tortuous vessels in the placenta are enlarged, raptured and generally empty
|
• in the placenta, maternal blood sinuses are generally absent in most areas of the labyrinth zone
|
• yolk sac contains fewer blood vessels than wild type
|
• embryos show dilated leaking small vessels
|
• pericardial space surrounding the heart is much smaller than in wild type
|
• ventricular myocardium of embryos fails to stratify into a multilayer compact structure
|
• at E12.5
|
• cell-cell adhesion between cardiocytes appears defective in the compact layer
|
• ventricular myocardium of embryos fails to stratify into a multilayer compact structure
|
• trabeculation is less extensive in E12.5 mutants than in wild type
|
• the epicardium is separated from underlying myocardium and there is leakage of blood cells into the epicardial spaces
|
• cell proliferation in the myocardium is reduced
|
craniofacial
• palatal shelf fails to fuse
|
digestive/alimentary system
• palatal shelf fails to fuse
|
liver/biliary system
• seen in embryonic liver
|
• embryonic liver contains large numbers of megakaryocytes
|
• only a pale primitive liver bud is seen at E12.5
|
• embryonic liver shows a reduction in hepatocyte population
|
small liver
(
J:81217
)
limbs/digits/tail
• finger separation does not occur in the distal part of the hind limb at E12.5
|
muscle
• ventricular myocardium of embryos fails to stratify into a multilayer compact structure
|
• trabeculation is less extensive in E12.5 mutants than in wild type
|
• at E12.5
|
• cell proliferation in the myocardium is reduced
|
nervous system
• developmental abnormalities in the brain
|
pigmentation
• pigmented tissue is thinner in the dorsal portion of the eye at E12.5
|
vision/eye
• pigmented tissue is thinner in the dorsal portion of the eye at E12.5
|
integument
cellular
• cell proliferation in the myocardium is reduced
|
• seen in embryonic liver
|