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Phenotypes associated with this allele
Allele Symbol
Allele Name
Allele ID
Artm1Chc
targeted mutation 1, Chawnshang Chang
MGI:2451025
Summary 8 genotypes
Jump to Allelic Composition Genetic Background Genotype ID
cn1
Amhr2tm3(cre)Bhr/Amhr2+
Artm1Chc/Y
involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6 MGI:3775037
cn2
Artm1Chc/Y
Tg(Pbsn-cre)4Prb/0
involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6 * DBA/2 MGI:3773634
cn3
Artm1Chc/Y
Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min/0
involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6 * DBA/2 MGI:3775036
cn4
Artm1Chc/Ar+
Tmem163Tg(ACTB-cre)2Mrt/0
involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6J * FVB/N MGI:3773445
cn5
Artm1Chc/Artm1.1Chc
Tmem163Tg(ACTB-cre)2Mrt/0
involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6J * FVB/N MGI:3773446
cn6
Artm1Chc/Y
Tmem163Tg(ACTB-cre)2Mrt/0
involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6J * FVB/N MGI:3773444
cn7
Artm1Chc/Y
Plekha5Tg(AMH-cre)1Flor/Plekha5+
involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6 * SJL MGI:3773622
ot8
Artm1Chc/Y involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6J MGI:3773443


Genotype
MGI:3775037
cn1
Allelic
Composition
Amhr2tm3(cre)Bhr/Amhr2+
Artm1Chc/Y
Genetic
Background
involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Amhr2tm3(cre)Bhr mutation (1 available); any Amhr2 mutation (29 available)
Artm1Chc mutation (0 available); any Ar mutation (23 available)
phenotype observed in females
phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
reproductive system
• no live sperm are found in epididymis
• testes show a 2.8-fold decrease in diploid cells and 4-fold increase in tetraploid cells relative to wild-type
• no lumen is observed
• Seroli cell nuclei show disorganization and dislocalization
• tubules show reduced diameters
• testes are normally descended but only attain 31.1% of that in wild-type males
• no mature or elongated spermatid or spermatozoa are found
• germ cell development stops at stage around secondary spermatocyte to round spermatid
• in three successive 2-week pairings with wild-type females, 14-week old males fail to impregnate the females; vaginal plugs were detected in females after mating

endocrine/exocrine glands
• no lumen is observed
• Seroli cell nuclei show disorganization and dislocalization
• tubules show reduced diameters
• testes are normally descended but only attain 31.1% of that in wild-type males

homeostasis/metabolism
• significantly decreased relative to wild-type males

cellular
• no live sperm are found in epididymis
• testes show a 2.8-fold decrease in diploid cells and 4-fold increase in tetraploid cells relative to wild-type
• germ cell development stops at stage around secondary spermatocyte to round spermatid




Genotype
MGI:3773634
cn2
Allelic
Composition
Artm1Chc/Y
Tg(Pbsn-cre)4Prb/0
Genetic
Background
involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6 * DBA/2
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Artm1Chc mutation (0 available); any Ar mutation (23 available)
Tg(Pbsn-cre)4Prb mutation (2 available)
phenotype observed in females
phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
reproductive system
N
• anogenital distances and internal urogenital organs, with exception of prostate gland, show no differences from wild-type
• no difference relative to wild-type in terms of fertility is observed
• at 9 weeks of age, some ventral prostate ducts lose glandular infoldings and have abnormal epithelial cells; enlarged ducts have many sloughed epithelial cells
• by 14 weeks, glandular infoldings have become smaller and shorter, some with constriction at their base, and layers of sloughed epithelial cells are observed in prostate lumen; by 32 weeks, mutant tissue lacks glandular infolding
• by week 24, layers of sloughed epithelium, immune cells and DNA fragments are observed in lumen of ducts in ventral prostate; many TUNEL-positive cells are detected in prostatic lumen at 24 weeks
• at 9 weeks of age, some ducts in the ventral prostate contain short or low cuboidal cells compared to taller or columnar epithelial cells in wild-type males; at 14 weeks, around 50% of ducts within the ventral prostate have altered epithelial architecture, with short poorly differentiated epithelial cells
• at 14-32 weeks, epithelial cells are shrunken
• by week 24, proliferation in the epithelium of all lobes except for anterior prostatic lobe is increased significantly compared to wild-type prostates
• epithelial cells appear to undergo anoikis and detach from the basement membrane
• at week 24, ventral prostates of mutants are substantially larger than in wild-type males
• however, dorsal-lateral prostates and anterior prostates show no changes in size

endocrine/exocrine glands
• at 9 weeks of age, some ventral prostate ducts lose glandular infoldings and have abnormal epithelial cells; enlarged ducts have many sloughed epithelial cells
• by 14 weeks, glandular infoldings have become smaller and shorter, some with constriction at their base, and layers of sloughed epithelial cells are observed in prostate lumen; by 32 weeks, mutant tissue lacks glandular infolding
• by week 24, layers of sloughed epithelium, immune cells and DNA fragments are observed in lumen of ducts in ventral prostate; many TUNEL-positive cells are detected in prostatic lumen at 24 weeks
• at 9 weeks of age, some ducts in the ventral prostate contain short or low cuboidal cells compared to taller or columnar epithelial cells in wild-type males; at 14 weeks, around 50% of ducts within the ventral prostate have altered epithelial architecture, with short poorly differentiated epithelial cells
• at 14-32 weeks, epithelial cells are shrunken
• by week 24, proliferation in the epithelium of all lobes except for anterior prostatic lobe is increased significantly compared to wild-type prostates
• epithelial cells appear to undergo anoikis and detach from the basement membrane
• at week 24, ventral prostates of mutants are substantially larger than in wild-type males
• however, dorsal-lateral prostates and anterior prostates show no changes in size

homeostasis/metabolism
N
• serum testosterone levels at 12 and 24 weeks of age are similar to those in wild-type males




Genotype
MGI:3775036
cn3
Allelic
Composition
Artm1Chc/Y
Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min/0
Genetic
Background
involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6 * DBA/2
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Artm1Chc mutation (0 available); any Ar mutation (23 available)
Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min mutation (1 available)
phenotype observed in females
phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
reproductive system
N
• sperm counts are similar to those in wild-type males
• males are fertile; meiosis and spermatogenesis are unaffected
• testes are normal in size and morphology; serum testosterone levels are within normal range




Genotype
MGI:3773445
cn4
Allelic
Composition
Artm1Chc/Ar+
Tmem163Tg(ACTB-cre)2Mrt/0
Genetic
Background
involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6J * FVB/N
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Artm1Chc mutation (0 available); any Ar mutation (23 available)
Tmem163Tg(ACTB-cre)2Mrt mutation (3 available); any Tmem163 mutation (37 available)
phenotype observed in females
phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
reproductive system
• litters from heterozygous females have fewer pups compared to those of control females




Genotype
MGI:3773446
cn5
Allelic
Composition
Artm1Chc/Artm1.1Chc
Tmem163Tg(ACTB-cre)2Mrt/0
Genetic
Background
involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6J * FVB/N
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Artm1.1Chc mutation (0 available); any Ar mutation (23 available)
Artm1Chc mutation (0 available); any Ar mutation (23 available)
Tmem163Tg(ACTB-cre)2Mrt mutation (3 available); any Tmem163 mutation (37 available)
phenotype observed in females
phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
reproductive system
• ovaries from 4-, 6-, and 12-week old females weigh 18-23% less than those of control females
• oviducts from 4-, 6-, and 12-week old females weigh 18-23% less than those of control females
• uterI from 4-, 6-, and 12-week old females weigh 18-23% less than in control females
• litters from homozygous females are have fewer pups compared to those of control females

behavior/neurological
• some mutant females display reluctant nursing behavior

endocrine/exocrine glands
• thymus in female mice is larger than in control females
• mammary glands in 4-, 6-, and 12-week old females weigh 18-23% less than in control female littermates
• by fourth to sixth weeks of age, ductal system has 30-50% less extension with reduced numbers of terminal end buds than in control females
• at maturity (8, 16 and 20 weeks) mammary glands are filled with large bloated ducts terminating with bloated ends; glands have fewer secondary and tertiary ductal branches compared to controls; during pregnancy, retarded ductal branches are partially restored, but mutant mammary glands still have less milk-producing alveoli than control glands
• ovaries from 4-, 6-, and 12-week old females weigh 18-23% less than those of control females
• retardation of mammary gland development may affect capacity of females to provide milk for their offspring

hematopoietic system
• thymus in female mice is larger than in control females

immune system
• thymus in female mice is larger than in control females

integument
• mammary glands in 4-, 6-, and 12-week old females weigh 18-23% less than in control female littermates
• by fourth to sixth weeks of age, ductal system has 30-50% less extension with reduced numbers of terminal end buds than in control females
• at maturity (8, 16 and 20 weeks) mammary glands are filled with large bloated ducts terminating with bloated ends; glands have fewer secondary and tertiary ductal branches compared to controls; during pregnancy, retarded ductal branches are partially restored, but mutant mammary glands still have less milk-producing alveoli than control glands
• retardation of mammary gland development may affect capacity of females to provide milk for their offspring




Genotype
MGI:3773444
cn6
Allelic
Composition
Artm1Chc/Y
Tmem163Tg(ACTB-cre)2Mrt/0
Genetic
Background
involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6J * FVB/N
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Artm1Chc mutation (0 available); any Ar mutation (23 available)
Tmem163Tg(ACTB-cre)2Mrt mutation (3 available); any Tmem163 mutation (37 available)
phenotype observed in females
phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
cellular
• germ cell hypoplasia is observed
• spermatogonia are hypoplastic
• germ cell development stops at pachytene spermatocyte stage of the first meiosis division

growth/size/body
• at 5 and 8 weeks, males have female-like appearance and body weights (18.8 grams and 20.1 grams) similar to females, and much lower than wild-type males (24.3 grams and 26.7 grams, respectively) (J:81789)
• mutants display significantly lower body weights than wild-type males at time-points up to 20 weeks (J:98775)
• at 20 weeks, mutant and wild-type males show similar body weights, but from this point through 40 weeks, mutants gain weight faster than wild-type males

adipose tissue
• greater than in wild-type controls
• size and number of adipocytes start to be different from wild-type at 5 weeks, becoming more so by 8 weeks (J:81789)
• adipocytes are larger than in male controls at 35 weeks (J:98775)
• significantly enlarged relative to wild-type male and female controls at 35 weeks
• perirenal fat pad is significantly enlarged relative to wild-type male and female controls at 35 weeks

muscle
• skeletal muscle content is increased by 2.6-fold relative to wild-type

endocrine/exocrine glands
• agenesis in mutant males
• agenesis in mutant males
• Sertoli cells show fibrillary degeneration; many pyknotic cells in seminiferous tubules contain apoptotic bodies (J:81789)
• some cells display apoptotic-like bodies (J:118270)
• tubules show reduced diameters
• some apoptotic-like bodies are observed in some seminiferous tubules
• some tubules show degeneration
• Leydig cells in interstitial space are hypertrophic
• size is 7% of wild-type males
• testes are hypocellular compared to wild-type males
• testis are located in low abdominal area close to internal inguinal ring (J:81789)
• testes are cryptorchid in low abdominal area, close to inguinal ring (J:118270)

homeostasis/metabolism
• elevated blood glucose is observed at 20 weeks of age, persisting to at least 35 weeks under fasting and fed conditions
• levels are lower than in wild-type males (J:81789)
• markedly lower than in wild-type males (J:98775)
• significantly decreased relative to wild-type males (J:118270)
• levels are increased by 60% in fasting state and by 67% in fed state
• in fed state, serum leptin concentrations are elevated at 25 and 35 weeks
• skeletal muscle and hepatic triglyceride content are increased by 2.6- and 1.9 fold respectively relative to wild-type
• observed with oral bolus glucose tolerance test; blood glucose is elevated throughout test and mice remain hyperglycemic 2 hours after glucose administration
• at 25 and 35 weeks of age, mice are resistant to hypoglycemic effects of exogenous insuling
• hepatic triglyceride content is increased by 1.9 fold relative to wild-type
• skeletal muscle content is increased by 2.6-fold relative to wild-type
• mutants display leptin resistance at 35 weeks; treatment with exogenous leptin does not decrease eating behavior as seen in wild-type controls

reproductive system
• germ cell hypoplasia is observed
• spermatogonia are hypoplastic
• in 5-week old males, mean distance is 0.55 cm, similar to females and shorter than in wild-type males (1.05 cm); at 8 weeks, distance is 0.59 cm compared to 1.12 cm in wild-type male littermates
• agenesis in mutant males
• agenesis in mutant males
• Sertoli cells show fibrillary degeneration; many pyknotic cells in seminiferous tubules contain apoptotic bodies (J:81789)
• some cells display apoptotic-like bodies (J:118270)
• tubules show reduced diameters
• some apoptotic-like bodies are observed in some seminiferous tubules
• some tubules show degeneration
• Leydig cells in interstitial space are hypertrophic
• size is 7% of wild-type males
• testes are hypocellular compared to wild-type males
• testis are located in low abdominal area close to internal inguinal ring (J:81789)
• testes are cryptorchid in low abdominal area, close to inguinal ring (J:118270)
• appears to be arrested at pachytene stage; no round or elongated spermatids or mature spermatozoa are found in seminiferous tubules, while pachytene-stage spermatocytes are only occasionally found
• germ cell development stops at pachytene spermatocyte stage of the first meiosis division
• external male genitalia are feminized or absent
• however, female reproductive organs like the vagina, fallopian tubes, or uterus are not observed in male mutants
• penis seems microphallic
• poorly developed, resembles labia majora in females
• external male genitalia may be absent
• agenesis in mutant males
• agenesis in mutant males

skeleton
• numbers in femoral metaphyses are higher than wild-type
• femora and tibiae metaphyses readily show decreased bone volumes
• cancellous bone volumes are lower than in female and wild-type male littermates
• mean values for mineral apposition and bone formation rates in femoral metaphyses are higher than in wild-type controls

renal/urinary system
• penis seems microphallic
• urethra shows hypospadia

immune system
• numbers in femoral metaphyses are higher than wild-type

hematopoietic system
• numbers in femoral metaphyses are higher than wild-type

digestive/alimentary system
• in 5-week old males, mean distance is 0.55 cm, similar to females and shorter than in wild-type males (1.05 cm); at 8 weeks, distance is 0.59 cm compared to 1.12 cm in wild-type male littermates

liver/biliary system
• hepatic triglyceride content is increased by 1.9 fold relative to wild-type




Genotype
MGI:3773622
cn7
Allelic
Composition
Artm1Chc/Y
Plekha5Tg(AMH-cre)1Flor/Plekha5+
Genetic
Background
involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6 * SJL
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Artm1Chc mutation (0 available); any Ar mutation (23 available)
Plekha5Tg(AMH-cre)1Flor mutation (1 available); any Plekha5 mutation (109 available)
phenotype observed in females
phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
reproductive system
• mutant testes have fewer proliferating spermatogonia relative to wild-type
• there are increased numbers of apoptotic pachytene and metaphase spermatocytes compared to wild-type
• testes show a 3-fold increase in diploid cells, 2-fold increase in tetraploid cells and an 11-fold reduction in haploid cells
• tubules display poor germ cell differentiation, and reduced cellularity, with most germ cell differentiation ceasing at the diplotene stage (J:89886)
• mutant testes show less active cell proliferation per tubule, and fewer proliferative tubules per testis (J:89886)
• no lumen is observed (J:118270)
• testes are normally descended but only attain 23.4% of that in wild-type males
• size of testes is reduced compared to wild-type males, with weights only one-third of wild-type testes
• mice have an increased number of tetraploid cells and a reduction in cells with a haploid DNA content
• analysis of epididymes detected only debris instead of normal, motile sperm as observed in wild-type males (J:89886)
• no live sperm are found in epididymis (J:118270)
• diploid to tetraploid germ cell ratio indicates spermatogenic arrest before the first meiosis (J:89886)
• little evidence of meiosis is observed, with no spermatids or spermatozoa, elongated or round detected in the testes (J:89886)
• germ cell development stops at pachytene/diplotene primary spermatocyte stage of the first meiosis division (J:118270)
• 8-week old males fail to impregnate wild-type females in 3 successive 2-week pairings; vaginal plugs were detected but no pregnancies resulted (J:89886)
• in three successive 2-week pairings with wild-type females, 14-week old males fail to impregnated the females; vaginal plugs were detected in females after mating (J:118270)

endocrine/exocrine glands
• tubules display poor germ cell differentiation, and reduced cellularity, with most germ cell differentiation ceasing at the diplotene stage (J:89886)
• mutant testes show less active cell proliferation per tubule, and fewer proliferative tubules per testis (J:89886)
• no lumen is observed (J:118270)
• testes are normally descended but only attain 23.4% of that in wild-type males
• size of testes is reduced compared to wild-type males, with weights only one-third of wild-type testes

homeostasis/metabolism
• mutant males have lower serum testosterone levels than wild-type males (J:89886)
• significantly decreased relative to wild-type males (J:118270)
• levels are marginally (10%) increased compared to control males
• LH levels are increased in serum compared to wild-type males

cellular
• mutant testes have fewer proliferating spermatogonia relative to wild-type
• there are increased numbers of apoptotic pachytene and metaphase spermatocytes compared to wild-type
• analysis of epididymes detected only debris instead of normal, motile sperm as observed in wild-type males (J:89886)
• no live sperm are found in epididymis (J:118270)
• testes show a 3-fold increase in diploid cells, 2-fold increase in tetraploid cells and an 11-fold reduction in haploid cells
• diploid to tetraploid germ cell ratio indicates spermatogenic arrest before the first meiosis (J:89886)
• little evidence of meiosis is observed, with no spermatids or spermatozoa, elongated or round detected in the testes (J:89886)
• germ cell development stops at pachytene/diplotene primary spermatocyte stage of the first meiosis division (J:118270)




Genotype
MGI:3773443
ot8
Allelic
Composition
Artm1Chc/Y
Genetic
Background
involves: 129S/SvEv * C57BL/6J
Find Mice Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Artm1Chc mutation (0 available); any Ar mutation (23 available)
phenotype observed in females
phenotype observed in males
N normal phenotype
normal phenotype
• mice have no obvious morphological or neurological abnormalities





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last database update
12/10/2024
MGI 6.24
The Jackson Laboratory