Analysis Tools
mortality/aging
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• further and substantial loss is also observed during weaning
• however, mutants can survive to adulthood if mothers are gestated on fucose-supplemented water and if mutants are given chow and water supplemented with fucose
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• progeny surviving up to weaning, die 2 to 3 weeks after weaning
• viablity is increased with fucose-supplemented diet
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• further loss is seen at E16.5 and immediately prior to birth, the number of embryos is about 28% of the predicted number
• dietary fucose given to the mother is not able to rescue the survival of mutants to term
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• some lethality is observed at E12.5
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growth/size/body
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• those mutants that survive birth and weaning are runted
• small size is rescued by 6 weeks of age when mutants are reared on a fucose-supplemented diet
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digestive/alimentary system
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• mutants reared on a standard chow constantly suffer from diarrhea that can be terminated with a fucose-supplemented diet
• diarrhea does not occur in mutants reared from birth on a fucose-containing diet
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• thickened mucosa
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• crypt destruction and distortion in the colon
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• mutants exhibit characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease; thickened mucosa, crypt destruction and distortion, crypt abscesses, regenerative crypt and surface epithelium, and a mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate within the lamina propria
• colon histology is reversed by fucose supplementation
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• mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate within the lamina propria of the colon
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hematopoietic system
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• myeloid-erythroid (M/E) ratio in the marrows of mutants on a standard diet is increased by more than 2-fold
• the M/E ratio normalizes after fucose supplementation
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• 2-fold increase in colony-forming unit-granulocyte macrophage (CFU-GM)
• CFU-GM numbers can be normalized with fucose supplementation
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• mice reared on a standard diet exhibit blood leukocytosis that is reduced with fucose administration
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• 25-fold increase in neutrophils that is reduced by about half within 8 hours of oral fucose administration
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immune system
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• mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate within the lamina propria of the colon
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• mice reared on a standard diet exhibit blood leukocytosis that is reduced with fucose administration
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• 25-fold increase in neutrophils that is reduced by about half within 8 hours of oral fucose administration
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reproductive system
infertility
(
J:82239
)
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• males and females are infertile on a standard diet
• fertiliy is rescued on a fucose-supplemented diet
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behavior/neurological
endocrine/exocrine glands
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• crypt destruction and distortion in the colon
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homeostasis/metabolism
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• 48% increase in serum creatinine
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dehydration
(
J:82239
)
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• diarrhea is accompanied by evidence of dehydration such as tenting of the skin and an increase in serum creatinine
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