All Phenotypes Thra<tm2Ven> MGI Mouse

Phenotypes associated with this allele

Jump to	Allelic Composition	Genetic Background	Genotype ID
hm1	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven	involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:2654873
hm2	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven	involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c * C57BL/6J	MGI:3700652
ht3	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra⁺	involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:3701137
ht4	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm3Ven	involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6NCrl	MGI:3606072
cx5	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df	involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c * C57BL/6J	MGI:3700828
cx6	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra⁺ Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df	involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c * C57BL/6J	MGI:3700829

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

mortality/aging

perinatal lethality, incomplete penetrance ( J:72959 )

• at birth, the % of surviving pups obtained from heterozygous intercrosses may not display a Mendelian distribution, depending on environmental factors

endocrine/exocrine glands

abnormal thyroid follicle morphology ( J:72959 )

• adult homozygotes show a general disorganization of the thyroid follicles and flattening of the epithelium, as shown by uneven follicle sizes and reduced interstitial spaces

• however, no goiter is detected up to >18 months of age

abnormal thyroid gland physiology ( J:72959 )

• in response to TSH injections, homozygotes display reduced increases of free T3 and T4 serum levels relative to wild-type mice

• notably, homozygotes exhibit a mixed hyper- and hypothyroid phenotype, dependent on the tissue studied

decreased activity of thyroid gland ( J:72959 )

• homozygotes show signs of hypothyroidism, including significantly reduced levels of free T3 T4, poor responses to TSH, increased fat content, and skeletal defects associated with a late-onset growth retardation

increased activity of thyroid gland ( J:72959 )

• in addition to hypothyroidism, homozygotes display features of hyperthyroidism, including reduced body weight, elevated heart rate, and increased body temperature

homeostasis/metabolism

decreased circulating thyroxine level ( J:72959 )

• both male and female homozygotes show significantly reduced free T4 levels in serum relative to wild-type littermates

decreased circulating triiodothyronine level ( J:72959 )

• both male and female homozygotes show significantly reduced free T3 levels in serum relative to wild-type littermates

• total T3 levels are significantly reduced only in female homozygotes

decreased circulating insulin-like growth factor I level ( J:72959 )

• homozygotes display significantly reduced serum levels of IGF-I relative to wild-type mice

increased body temperature ( J:72959 )

• homozygotes display an increased body temperature (36.9 0.1 C) relative to wild-type mice (36.5 0.1 C)

abnormal thyroid-stimulating hormone level ( J:72959 )

• at 6-20 weeks, both male and female homozygotes display inappropriately normal serum levels of TSH, suggesting an alteration in the pituitary-thyroid axis

growth/size/body

decreased body weight ( J:72959 )

• both female and male homozygotes show a slightly reduced body weight from birth to adulthood relative to wild-type mice

obese ( J:72959 )

• adult homozygotes are obese

postnatal growth retardation ( J:72959 )

• both female and male homozygotes show a slightly delayed growth spurt during the first 9 weeks of life relative to wild-type mice

skeleton

abnormal osteoclast physiology ( J:72959 )

• homozygotes display a 57% reduction in osteoclast activity relative to wild-type mice

• in contrast, serum levels of osteocalcin, a marker of bone formation, remain unaffected

decreased bone mineral content ( J:72959 )

• homozygotes show a significant reduction in areal bone mineral (BM) content of the femur and L6 vertebrae relative to wild-type mice

decreased areal bone mineral density ( J:72959 )

• homozygotes show a significant reduction in areal bone mineral (BM) density of the femur and L6 vertebrae relative to wild-type mice

• however, no delay in the mineralization of the epiphysis is observed

abnormal compact bone morphology ( J:72959 )

• homozygotes exhibit decreased tibial cortical bone mineral content relative to wild-type mice

• however, no significant reduction in longitudinal bone growth is observed, such that tibias and femurs are of normal length

decreased compact bone area ( J:72959 )

• homozygotes exhibit decreased tibial cortical bone periosteal and endosteal circumferences, and cortical area relative to wild-type mice

abnormal trabecular bone morphology ( J:72959 )

• homozygotes display decreased trabecular bone mineral density (BMD), as shown by a 24% reduction in proximal tibia

adipose tissue

increased total body fat amount ( J:72959 )

• homozygotes exhibit a significant increase in fat content (121%) relative to wild-type mice

• however, serum levels of corticosterone and leptin are not significantly altered

reproductive system

prolonged estrous cycle ( J:72959 )

• female homozygotes display a slightly prolonged estrous cycle, suggesting aberrant ovulation

reduced female fertility ( J:72959 )

• female homozygotes generally fail to conceive

• female homozygotes display partial fertility but only under optimized animal care conditions

• homozygous intercrosses rarely generate litters

• Background Sensitivity: breeding abnormalities are exacerbated after the mutation is backcrossed for two generations onto the C57BL/6J background

behavior/neurological

abnormal pup retrieval ( J:72959 )

• if pups are born, female homozygotes fail to rear their offspring

cardiovascular system

increased heart rate ( J:72959 )

• homozygotes display a 10% increase in basal heart rate relative to wild-type littemates, despite their lower serum T3 levels

immune system

abnormal osteoclast physiology ( J:72959 )

• homozygotes display a 57% reduction in osteoclast activity relative to wild-type mice

• in contrast, serum levels of osteocalcin, a marker of bone formation, remain unaffected

hematopoietic system

abnormal osteoclast physiology ( J:72959 )

• homozygotes display a 57% reduction in osteoclast activity relative to wild-type mice

• in contrast, serum levels of osteocalcin, a marker of bone formation, remain unaffected

Allelic Composition	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven
Genetic Background	involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c * C57BL/6J

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Thra^tm2Ven mutation (1 available); any Thra mutation (40 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

hearing/vestibular/ear

hearing/vestibular/ear phenotype ( J:118402 )

N	• adult homozygotes display normal ABR thresholds in response to click and pure-tone (8, 16 and 32 kHz) stimuli, with typical waveforms of four to five peaks in the normal range (40-45 dB SPL)

Allelic Composition	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra⁺
Genetic Background	involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Thra^tm2Ven mutation (1 available); any Thra mutation (40 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

endocrine/exocrine glands

abnormal thyroid gland physiology ( J:72959 )

• similar to homozygotes, heterozygotes exhibit a mixed hyper- and hypothyroid phenotype, dependent on the tissue studied

decreased activity of thyroid gland ( J:72959 )

• heterozygotes show signs of hypothyroidism, including significantly reduced levels of free T3 T4, increased fat content, and skeletal defects associated with a late-onset growth retardation

increased activity of thyroid gland ( J:72959 )

• in addition to hypothyroidism, heterozygotes display features of hyperthyroidism, including reduced body weight, elevated heart rate, and increased body temperature

homeostasis/metabolism

decreased circulating thyroxine level ( J:72959 )

• both male and female heterozygotes show significantly reduced free T4 levels in serum, that are intermediate between those of wild-type and homozygous mutant mice

decreased circulating triiodothyronine level ( J:72959 )

• both male and female heterozygotes show significantly reduced free T3 levels in serum, that are intermediate between those of wild-type and homozygous mutant mice

• total T3 levels are significantly reduced only in female heterozygotes

decreased circulating insulin-like growth factor I level ( J:72959 )

• heterozygotes display significantly reduced serum IGF-I levels, that are intermediate between those of wild-type and homozygous mutant mice

increased body temperature ( J:72959 )

• heterozygotes display an increased body temperature (36.7 0.1 C) relative to wild-type mice (36.5 0.1 C)

abnormal thyroid-stimulating hormone level ( J:72959 )

• at 6-20 weeks, both male and female heterozygotes display inappropriately normal serum levels of TSH, suggesting an alteration in the pituitary-thyroid axis

growth/size/body

decreased body weight ( J:72959 )

• both female and male heterozygotes show a slightly reduced body weight from birth to adulthood relative to wild-type mice

obese ( J:72959 )

• adult heterozygotes are obese

postnatal growth retardation ( J:72959 )

• both female and male heterozygotes show a slightly delayed growth spurt during the first 9 weeks of life relative to wild-type mice

skeleton

decreased bone mineral density ( J:72959 )

• heterozygotes display decreased trabecular bone mineral density (BMD), as shown by a 17% reduction in proximal tibia

abnormal compact bone morphology ( J:72959 )

• heterozygotes exhibit decreased tibial cortical bone mineral content relative to wild-type mice

decreased compact bone area ( J:72959 )

• heterozygotes exhibit decreased tibial cortical bone periosteal and endosteal circumferences, and cortical area relative to wild-type mice

abnormal trabecular bone morphology ( J:72959 )

• heterozygotes display decreased trabecular bone mineral density (BMD), as shown by a 17% reduction in proximal tibia

adipose tissue

increased total body fat amount ( J:72959 )

• similar to homozygotes, heterozygotes show a significant increase in fat content (121%) relative to wild-type mice

cardiovascular system

increased heart rate ( J:72959 )

• heterozygotes display a 10% increase in basal heart rate relative to wild-type littemates, despite their lower serum T3 levels

Allelic Composition	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm3Ven
Genetic Background	involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6NCrl

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Thra^tm2Ven mutation (1 available); any Thra mutation (40 available)
Thra^tm3Ven mutation (0 available); any Thra mutation (40 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

growth/size/body

decreased body weight ( J:100290 )

• compound heterozygous mutants exhibited 27% less body weight at 30 days of age compared with simple heterozygous Thra^tm2Ven/Thra⁺ controls

• 70-day-old compound heterozygous mice weighed only 5% less than simple heterozygous Thra^tm2Ven/Thra⁺ controls

Allelic Composition	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df
Genetic Background	involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c * C57BL/6J

Find Mice

Using the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Mouse lines carrying:
Thra^tm2Ven mutation (1 available); any Thra mutation (40 available)
Thrb^tm1Df mutation (1 available); any Thrb mutation (41 available)

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

growth/size/body

postnatal growth retardation ( J:118402 )

• double homozygotes exhibit a retarded weight gain over the first 5 postnatal weeks, but only to the same extent as in single Thra^tm2Ven homozygotes

• no significant difference in postnatal weight gain is noted after 5 weeks

endocrine/exocrine glands

abnormal thyroid follicle morphology ( J:118402 )

• similar to Thra^tm2Ven mice, double homozygotes show thyroid follicles with a somewhat thin, flattened epithelium, but lack the enlargement observed in single Thrb^tm1Df homozygotes

homeostasis/metabolism

abnormal thyroid hormone level ( J:118402 )

• similar to Thra^tm2Ven mice, double homozygotes display normal TSH and slightly low T4 and T3 levels, indicating dominant suppression of the hormonal disorder observed in single Thrb^tm1Df homozygotes

decreased circulating thyroxine level ( J:118402 )

• similar to Thra^tm2Ven mice, double homozygotes display serum free T4 levels that are slightly but significantly below wild-type levels

decreased circulating triiodothyronine level ( J:118402 )

• similar to Thra^tm2Ven mice, double homozygotes display free T3 levels that are slightly but significantly below wild-type levels; total T3 is also slightly lowered

hearing/vestibular/ear

hearing/vestibular/ear phenotype ( J:118402 )

• at 7-17 weeks of age, double homozygotes display normal ABR thresholds in response to click or pure-tone (8, 16, 32 kHz) stimuli, indicating suppression of the auditory defect observed in single Thrb^tm1Df homozygotes

• Background Sensitivity: on a mixed genetic background of equal parts 129/Sv, 129OlaHsd, BALB/c, and C57BL/6J strains, ABR responses are similar but more variable than those observed on a congenic C57BL/6J background

• consistent with rescued ABR thresholds, the developmental expression of the I_K,f potassium current in cochlear IHCs is also largely corrected at P30 relative to single Thrb^tm1Df homozygotes

Allelic Composition	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra⁺ Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df
Genetic Background	involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c * C57BL/6J

Find Mice

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

growth/size/body

postnatal growth retardation ( J:118402 )

• mutant mice exhibit a less severely retarded weight gain over the first 4 postnatal weeks relative to Thra^tm2Ven homozygotes

• no significant difference in postnatal weight gain is noted by 5 weeks

hearing/vestibular/ear

hearing/vestibular/ear phenotype ( J:118402 )

• at 7-17 weeks of age, mutant mice display normal ABR thresholds in response to click or pure-tone (8, 16, 32 kHz) stimuli, indicating suppression of the auditory defect observed in single Thrb^tm1Df homozygotes

• consistent with rescued ABR thresholds, the developmental expression of the I_K,f potassium current in cochlear IHCs is also largely corrected at P30 relative to single Thrb^tm1Df homozygotes

Contributing Projects: Mouse Genome Database (MGD), Gene Expression Database (GXD), Mouse Models of Human Cancer database (MMHCdb) (formerly Mouse Tumor Biology (MTB)), Gene Ontology (GO)
Citing These Resources Funding Information Warranty Disclaimer, Privacy Notice, Licensing, & Copyright Send questions and comments to User Support.	last database update 10/29/2024 MGI 6.24