mortality/aging
• homozygotes are observed at a reduced frequency after E8; first signs of resorption are evident at E9
• no homozygotes are observed after E11
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embryo
• mutant embryos are growth arrested at E10 and E11
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• at E9, mutant embryos appear developmentally retarded relative to wild-type embryos
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• at E9, mutant embryos appear runted
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• mutant embryos display abnormal closing of the neural tube
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growth/size/body
• at E9, mutant embryos appear developmentally retarded relative to wild-type embryos
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• at E9, mutant embryos appear runted
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nervous system
• mutant embryos display abnormal closing of the neural tube
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