reproductive system
• double-oocyte follicles may be derived from a single oocyte, as two nucleus-like structures have been noted in one oocyte
|
• 6 of 7 mutant females at diestrus display 1 to 3 follicles containing double oocytes
• double-oocyte follicles are observed at the primary, secondary, and antral stages
• however, ovarian histology is otherwise normal, and no differences in ovary weight or size are observed
|
• the expression levels of two oocyte-specific genes, BMP15 and GDF9, are increased >2-fold in mutant ovaries at diestrus (but not at estrus or metestrus) relative to those in control ovaries
|
• the diestrus phase of the estrous cycle is significantly prolonged
|
• the average length of the estrous cycle is much longer than that of control littermates, as a result of a prolonged diestrus phase
• no differences are observed at the other stages of the estrous cycle
|
• female mutants are subfertile, showing a ~50% reduction in the number of litters per month relative to control littermates
|
• at day 5 after birth, the number of pups per litter is significantly lower than that of control littermates
|
homeostasis/metabolism
N |
• at 2-3 months of age, mutant females exhibit:
• normal cicrulating levels of FSH, LH, testosterone and progesterone at proestrus and estrus
• normal estradiol levels at estrus
• normal LH levels at diestrus
|
• at diestrus, mutant females display significantly reduced circulating testosterone levels relative control littermates
|
• at diestrus, mutant females display significantly reduced circulating estradiol levels relative control littermates
|
• at diestrus, mutant females display significantly reduced circulating FSH levels relative control littermates
|
• at diestrus, mutant females display significantly reduced circulating progesterone levels relative control littermates
|
endocrine/exocrine glands
• 6 of 7 mutant females at diestrus display 1 to 3 follicles containing double oocytes
• double-oocyte follicles are observed at the primary, secondary, and antral stages
• however, ovarian histology is otherwise normal, and no differences in ovary weight or size are observed
|
cellular
• double-oocyte follicles may be derived from a single oocyte, as two nucleus-like structures have been noted in one oocyte
|