immune system
• T helper 1 cells undergo premature death during the proliferation phase of their activation
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• T cells exhibit a 50% reduction in proliferative response after activation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies
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• mice immunized with 2,4,6-trinitrophenol-keyhole limpet hemocyanin (TNP-KLH) showed differences in immunoglobulin class switching, with a decrease in TNP-specific IgG2a concentration compared to wild-type mice
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• T helper 1 cells undergo premature death during the proliferation phase of their activation
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• CD4+ T cells exhibit defective IFN-gamma production by 3 days of activation
• splenocytes from TNP-KLH immunized mice restimulated with KLH antigen produce less IFN-gamma than wild-type splenocytes
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• endotoxemia in mutant mice leads to a higher reduction in heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature and a greater increase in circulating IL-6 levels
• after LPS administration, leukocyte infiltration into the heart and lung is twice as great as controls
• all mice die within 84 hours of injection compared to 40% of wild-type controls
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homeostasis/metabolism
• VEGF levels in plasma are 5-fold higher than controls
• in response to LPS, VEGF levels are 2.2-fold higher than in LPS-injected wild-type mice
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hematopoietic system
• T helper 1 cells undergo premature death during the proliferation phase of their activation
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• T cells exhibit a 50% reduction in proliferative response after activation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies
|
• mice immunized with 2,4,6-trinitrophenol-keyhole limpet hemocyanin (TNP-KLH) showed differences in immunoglobulin class switching, with a decrease in TNP-specific IgG2a concentration compared to wild-type mice
|
• T helper 1 cells undergo premature death during the proliferation phase of their activation
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cellular
• T helper 1 cells undergo premature death during the proliferation phase of their activation
|
• T cells exhibit a 50% reduction in proliferative response after activation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies
|